Dataset Information

Global epidemiology of occult hepatitis B virus infections in blood donors, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the global prevalence of occult hepatitis B in blood donors. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Global Index Medicus, and Excerpta Medica Database. Study selection and data extraction were performed by at least two independent investigators. Heterogeneity (I2) was assessed using the χ2 test on the Cochran Q statistic and H parameters. Sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analyses. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42021252787. We included 82 studies in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of OBI was 6.2% (95% CI: 5.4-7.1) in HBsAg negative and anti-HBc positive blood donors. Only sporadic cases of OBI were reported in HBsAg negative and anti-HBc negative blood donors. The overall prevalence of OBI was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4) in HBsAg negative blood donors. The prevalence of OBI was generally higher in countries with low-income economic status. The results of this study show that despite routine screening of blood donors for hepatitis B, the transmission of HBV by blood remains possible via OBI and/or a seronegative window period; hence there is a need for active surveillance and foremost easier access to molecular tests for the screening of blood donors before transfusion.

SUBMITTER: Takuissu GR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9394819 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Global epidemiology of occult hepatitis B virus infections in blood donors, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Takuissu Guy Roussel GR Kenmoe Sebastien S Amougou Atsama Marie M Atenguena Okobalemba Etienne E Mbaga Donatien Serge DS Ebogo-Belobo Jean Thierry JT Bowo-Ngandji Arnol A Oyono Martin Gael MG Magoudjou-Pekam Jeannette Nina JN Kame-Ngasse Ginette Irma GI Menkem Elisabeth Zeuko'o EZ Selly Ngaloumo Abdel Aziz AA Banlock Agnès Thierry Rebecca ATR Feudjio Alfloditte Flore AF Zemnou-Tepap Cromwel C Meta-Djomsi Dowbiss D Nyimbe Mviena Gilberte Louise GL Nyebe Eloundou Ines I Yéngué Jacqueline Félicité JF Kenfack-Zanguim Josiane J Ndzie Ondigui Juliette Laure JL Zekeng Mekontchou Ridole Martin RM Touangnou-Chamda Sabine Aimee SA Kamtchueng Takeu Yrene Y Taya-Fokou Jean Bosco JB Mbongue Mikangue Chris Andre CA Kenfack-Momo Raoul R Kengne-Nde Cyprien C Nkie Esemu Seraphine S Njouom Richard R Ndip Lucy L

PloS one 20220822 8

This study aimed to assess the global prevalence of occult hepatitis B in blood donors. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Global Index Medicus, and Excerpta Medica Database. Study selection and data extraction were performed by at least two independent investigators. Heterogeneity (I2) was assessed using the χ2 test on the Cochran Q statistic and H parameters. Sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analyses. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42021252787. We included ...[more]

PMID: 35994469

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Project description:BackgroundThe SEN virus (SENV) is a prevalent blood borne pathogen that has a worldwide incidence. SENV is comprised of eight genotypes; genotypes H and D are frequently associated with the pathogenesis of non-A - E hepatitis and post-transfusion hepatitis in blood donors and hepatitis patients. So far, no SENV pathogenesis has been reported in the liver biopsies of SENV carriers, but the frequency of SENV and its related genotypes requires further molecular epidemiology studies in different regions of the world. Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is another global public health problem that is primarily transmitted via blood transfusions. Therefore, the identification of OBI among blood donors is key to preventing the spread of this disease. The relationship between SENV and OBI requires further evaluation.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SENV-D and SENV-H in blood donors in Ahvaz city with a particular focus on co-infection with OBI.Patients and methodsThis study had a cross-sectional design and included 184 healthy consecutive blood donors who visited a blood transfusion center in Ahvaz city from October-November 2013. The sera of all blood donors negative for HBsAg, anti-HCV antibody, and anti-HIV antibody were tested for SENV-D and SENV-H using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, tests for HBV DNA (PCR), HBcIgG (ELISA), liver function (aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase), and alkaline phosphatase were carried out.ResultsLiver function tests in the healthy blood donors were within the normal range. The incidence rates of SENV-D and SENV-H in the 184 total blood donors were 10 (5.4%) (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1% - 9.0%) and 32 (17.4%) cases (95% CI: 12.0% - 23.0%), respectively. SENV-H/D co-infection occurred in 2 (1.1%) patients. The sera of 8/184 (4.3%) were positive for anti-HBc antibody but negative for HBV DNA.ConclusionsRegardless of the presence of nonpathogenic SENV, 44/184 (24%) blood donors tested positive for both SENV-D and SENV-H. Although 4.3% of blood donors were positive for HBcIgG but negative for HBV DNA, the presence of OBI cannot be ruled out unless their liver biopsies show negative for HBV DNA.

Dataset Information

Global epidemiology of occult hepatitis B virus infections in blood donors, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publications

Global epidemiology of occult hepatitis B virus infections in blood donors, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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