Dataset Information

Simple approximation of sample size for precise estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection from point-seroprevalence studies.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

This study aimed to model the precision of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence estimates.

Methods

Sample size and precision estimates were calculated using the normal approximation to the binomial distribution. The relationship between sample size and precision was visualized across a range of assumed SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence from 2% to 75%.

Results

The calculation found that 2% precision was attainable by taking moderately sized sample sets when the expected seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection exceeds 2%. In populations with a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and an expected seroprevalence of less than 2%, larger samples are required for precise estimates.

Conclusions

Taking a sample of 177-1000 participants can provide precise prevalence estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. Larger sample sizes are only necessary in low prevalence settings.

SUBMITTER: Nikiforuk AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9395286 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Simple approximation of sample size for precise estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection from point-seroprevalence studies.

Nikiforuk A M AM Sekirov I I Jassem A N AN

Public health 20220823

<h4>Objective</h4>This study aimed to model the precision of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence estimates.<h4>Methods</h4>Sample size and precision estimates were calculated using the normal approximation to the binomial distribution. The relationship between sample size and precision was visualized across a range of assumed SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence from 2% to 75%.<h4>Results</h4>The calculation found that 2% precision was attainable by taking moderately sized sample sets when the expected seroprevalenc ...[more]

PMID: 36174438

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Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibody responses to the spike (S) protein monomer, S protein native trimeric form, or the nucleocapsid (N) proteins were evaluated in cohorts of individuals with acute infection (n = 93) and in individuals enrolled in a postinfection seroprevalence population study (n = 578) in Switzerland. Commercial assays specific for the S1 monomer, for the N protein, or within a newly developed Luminex assay using the S protein trimer were found to be equally sensitive in antibody detection in the acute-infection-phase samples. Interestingly, compared to anti-S antibody responses, those against the N protein appear to wane in the postinfection cohort. Seroprevalence in a "positive patient contacts" group (n = 177) was underestimated by N protein assays by 10.9 to 32.2%, while the "randomly selected" general population group (n = 311) was reduced by up to 45% relative to the S protein assays. The overall reduction in seroprevalence targeting only anti-N antibodies for the total cohort ranged from 9.4 to 31%. Of note, the use of the S protein in its native trimer form was significantly more sensitive compared to monomeric S proteins. These results indicate that the assessment of anti-S IgG antibody responses against the native trimeric S protein should be implemented to estimate SARS-CoV-2 infections in population-based seroprevalence studies.IMPORTANCE In the present study, we have determined SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses in sera of acute and postinfection phase subjects. Our results indicate that antibody responses against viral S and N proteins were equally sensitive in the acute phase of infection, but that responses against N appear to wane in the postinfection phase where those against the S protein persist over time. The most sensitive serological assay in both acute and postinfection phases used the native S protein trimer as the binding antigen, which has significantly greater conformational epitopes for antibody binding compared to the S1 monomer protein used in other assays. We believe these results are extremely important in order to generate correct estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the general population. Furthermore, the assessment of antibody responses against the trimeric S protein will be critical to evaluate the durability of the antibody response and for the characterization of a vaccine-induced antibody response.

Dataset Information

Simple approximation of sample size for precise estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection from point-seroprevalence studies.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Simple approximation of sample size for precise estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection from point-seroprevalence studies.

Similar Datasets

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