Striatal dopamine dissociates methylphenidate effects on value-based versus surprise-based reversal learning.

ABSTRACT: Psychostimulants such as methylphenidate are widely used for their cognitive enhancing effects, but there is large variability in the direction and extent of these effects. We tested the hypothesis that methylphenidate enhances or impairs reward/punishment-based reversal learning depending on baseline striatal dopamine levels and corticostriatal gating of reward/punishment-related representations in stimulus-specific sensory cortex. Young healthy adults (N = 100) were scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging during a reward/punishment reversal learning task, after intake of methylphenidate or the selective D_2/3-receptor antagonist sulpiride. Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity was indexed with [¹⁸F]DOPA positron emission tomography. Methylphenidate improved

SUBMITTER: van den Bosch R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9402573 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature