Viral and Host Factors Regulating HIV-1 Envelope Protein Trafficking and Particle Incorporation.

ABSTRACT: The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is an essential structural component of the virus, serving as the receptor-binding protein and principal neutralizing determinant. Env trimers are incorporated into developing particles at the plasma membrane of infected cells. Incorporation of HIV-1 Env into particles in T cells and macrophages is regulated by the long Env cytoplasmic tail (CT) and the matrix region of Gag. The CT incorporates motifs that interact with cellular factors involved in endosomal trafficking. Env follows an unusual pathway to arrive at the site of particle assembly, first traversing the secretory pathway to the plasma membrane (PM), then undergoing endocytosis, followed by directed sorting to the site of particle assembly on the PM. Many aspects of Env trafficking remain to

SUBMITTER: Anokhin B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9415270 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature