Enhanced oral absorption of insulin: hydrophobic ion pairing and a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system using a D-optimal mixture design.

ABSTRACT: The lipophilicity of a peptide drug can be considerably increased by hydrophobic ion pairing with amphiphilic counterions for successful incorporation into lipid-based formulations. Herein, to enhance the oral absorption of insulin (INS), a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulation was developed. Prior to optimization, INS was complexed with sodium n-octadecyl sulfate (SOS) to increase the loading into the SMEDDS. The INS-SOS complex was characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and its dissociation behavior. The SMEDDS was optimized using a D-optimal mixture design with three independent variables including Capmul MCM (X₁, 9.31%), Labrasol (X₂,

SUBMITTER: Goo YT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9448375 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature