Dairy streptococcal cell wall and exopolysaccharide genome diversity.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Parlindungan E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9453073 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Dairy streptococcal cell wall and exopolysaccharide genome diversity.
Parlindungan Elvina E McDonnell Brian B Lugli Gabriele A GA Ventura Marco M van Sinderen Douwe D Mahony Jennifer J
Microbial genomics 20220401 4
Similar Datasets
Project description:The structure of a cell surface enzyme from a gram-positive pathogen has been determined to 2-A resolution. Gram-positive pathogens have a thick cell wall to which proteins and carbohydrate are covalently attached. Streptococcal C5a peptidase (SCP), is a highly specific protease and adhesin/invasin. Structural analysis of a 949-residue fragment of the [D130A,S512A] mutant of SCP from group B Streptococcus (S. agalactiae, SCPB) revealed SCPB is composed of five distinct domains. The N-terminal subtilisin-like protease domain has a 134-residue protease-associated domain inserted into a loop between two beta-strands. This domain also contains one of two Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequences found in SCPB. At the C terminus are three fibronectin type III (Fn) domains. The second RGD sequence is located between Fn1 and Fn2. Our analysis suggests that SCP binding to integrins by the RGD motifs may stabilize conformational changes required for substrate binding.
| S-EPMC1317908 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAcid production by sucrose fermentation disturbs the balance in dental plaque by lowering the oral pH. As a consequence of the profound effect of sucrose on caries initiation and progression, many studies have been directed towards finding non-cariogenic artificial sweeteners that can be used as a substitute to sucrose. Existing literature shows that dietary sucrose upregulates the expression of biofilm associated genes involved in exopolysaccharide (EPS) production.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the sugar substitute stevia on biofilm formation, EPS secretion, and streptococcal genes encoding glucan-binding proteins (Gbps) and glucosyltransferases (Gtfs), which are essential for the synthesis of EPS.Materials and methodsStreptococcus mutans and Streptococcus gordonii were grown as biofilm cultures with or without stevia and sucrose. Biomass was quantified for biofilm and EPS production by crystal violet staining and the phenol-sulfuric acid method, respectively. Expression of gtfB and gbpB genes was studied by RT-PCR.ResultsThe quantities of biofilm were significantly lower when grown in the presence of stevia compared to sucrose in both species (p < 0.05). The proportion of EPS in the biofilm pellet decreased with increasing concentrations of stevia in both species but remained nearly unchanged with sucrose with respect to the control. In both streptococcal species, exposure of stevia decreased the expression of gtfB and gbpB genes compared to sucrose (p < 0.05). In comparison to the untreated control, the expression was decreased in the presence of stevia in both species, while it increased 2.5- to 4-fold in S. mutans and 1.5- to 2.5-fold in S. gordonii in the presence of sucrose.ConclusionThe ability of stevia to inhibit biofilm formation, reduce EPS production, and downregulate the expression of gtfB and gbpB genes in S. mutans and S. gordonii may have potential therapeutic applications in controlling dental plaques and caries.
| S-EPMC10742993 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The cell wall of the human bacterial pathogen Group A Streptococcus (GAS) consists of peptidoglycan decorated with the Lancefield group A carbohydrate (GAC). GAC is a promising target for the development of GAS vaccines. In this study, employing chemical, compositional, and NMR methods, we show that GAC is attached to peptidoglycan via glucosamine 1-phosphate. This structural feature makes the GAC-peptidoglycan linkage highly sensitive to cleavage by nitrous acid and resistant to mild acid conditions. Using this characteristic of the GAS cell wall, we identify PplD as a protein required for deacetylation of linkage N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). X-ray structural analysis indicates that PplD performs catalysis via a modified acid/base mechanism. Genetic surveys in silico together with functional analysis indicate that PplD homologs deacetylate the polysaccharide linkage in many streptococcal species. We further demonstrate that introduction of positive charges to the cell wall by GlcNAc deacetylation protects GAS against host cationic antimicrobial proteins.
| S-EPMC8807736 | biostudies-literature
Project description:affy_en-tj_maize - affy_tj_maize - Maize, Zea mays, is one of the most widely grown crops in the world as it provides cereal grain for human purposes and feedstock for cattle. Maize is increasingly used as a biomass fuel, such as ethanol. Studies have shown that maize stem is made up of different lignified cell types: epidermis, sclerenchyma (a few layers under the epidermis and surrounding vascular bundles in the rind), parenchyma (mostly lignified near the epidermis). One of the aims of this work is to find out if it is the proportion of these different cell types or their number (especially for vascular bundles) which influences the degree of digestibility of maize lines. For that the objective of our work is to develop a genomic strategic approach allowing an improvement of traits involved in cell wall degradability. The work will include the mapping of genes considered as strategic in the cell wall biosynthesis, the search of new genes of interest through bio-analysis, the functional analysis of genes suspected to be of importance in cell wall pathway, the search of candidate underlying QTL, and transcriptomic approaches in order to find genes co-regulation, transcription, and eQTL.-Comparison of 2 maize lines : Cm484: good digestibility F98902: bad digestibility at the following development stage : 21 days after sowing -7 leaves- Keywords: genotype comparaison 4 arrays - maize
2011-06-01 | E-GEOD-18846 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:affy_en-tj_maize - affy_en_maize - Maize, Zea mays, is one of the most widely grown crops in the world as it provides cereal grain for human purposes and feedstock for cattle. Maize is increasingly used as a biomass fuel, such as ethanol. Studies have shown that maize stem is made up of different lignified cell types: epidermis, sclerenchyma (a few layers under the epidermis and surrounding vascular bundles in the rind), parenchyma (mostly lignified near the epidermis). One of the aims of this work is to find out if it is the proportion of these different cell types or their number (especially for vascular bundles) which influences the degree of digestibility of maize lines. For that the objective of our work is to develop a genomic strategic approach allowing an improvement of traits involved in cell wall degradability. The work will include the mapping of genes considered as strategic in the cell wall biosynthesis, the search of new genes of interest through bio-analysis, the functional analysis of genes suspected to be of importance in cell wall pathway, the search of candidate underlying QTL, and transcriptomic approaches in order to find genes co-regulation, transcription, and eQTL.-Comparison of 2 maize lines : Cm484: good digestibility F98902: bad digestibility) , at the following developmental stade 2: male flowering Keywords: genotype comparaison 4 arrays - maize
2011-06-01 | E-GEOD-18857 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:affy_cellwall_maize - affy_cellwall_maize - Maize, Zea mays, is one of the most widely grown crops in the world as it provides cereal grain for human purposes and feedstock for cattle. Maize is increasingly used as a biomass fuel, such as ethanol. Studies have shown that maize stem is made up of different lignified cell types: epidermis, sclerenchyma (a few layers under the epidermis and surrounding vascular bundles in the rind), parenchyma (mostly lignified near the epidermis). One of the aims of this work is to find out if it is the proportion of these different cell types or their number (especially for vascular bundles) which influences the degree of digestibility of maize lines. For that the objective of our work is to develop a genomic strategic approach allowing an improvement of traits involved in cell wall degradability. The work will include the mapping of genes considered as strategic in the cell wall biosynthesis, the search of new genes of interest through bio-analysis, the functional analysis of genes suspected to be of importance in cell wall pathway, the search of candidate underlying QTL, and transcriptomic approaches in order to find genes co-regulation, transcription.-Comparison of internodes from 5 maize lines grown in field conditions 10 arrays - maize; organ comparison
2010-12-07 | E-GEOD-24624 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:affy_diversity_maize - affy_diversity_maize - Maize, Zea mays, is one of the most widely grown crops in the world as it provides cereal grain for human purposes and feedstock for cattle. Maize is increasingly used as a biomass fuel, such as ethanol. Studies have shown that maize stem is made up of different lignified cell types: epidermis, sclerenchyma (a few layers under the epidermis and surrounding vascular bundles in the rind), parenchyma (mostly lignified near the epidermis). One of the aims of this work is to find out if it is the proportion of these different cell types or their number (especially for vascular bundles) which influences the degree of digestibility of maize lines. For that the objective of our work is to develop a genomic strategic approach allowing an improvement of traits involved in cell wall degradability. The work will include the mapping of genes considered as strategic in the cell wall biosynthesis, the search of new genes of interest through bio-analysis, the functional analysis of genes suspected to be of importance in cell wall pathway, the search of candidate underlying QTL, and transcriptomic approaches in order to find genes co-regulation, transcription, and eQTL.-Comparison of two maize lines Cm484 (line of good digestibility) and F98902 (line of bad digestibility) at the same developmental stage (male flowering). Keywords: organ comparison 4 arrays - maize
2011-07-14 | E-GEOD-22948 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:affy_en-tj_maize - affy_en_maize - Maize, Zea mays, is one of the most widely grown crops in the world as it provides cereal grain for human purposes and feedstock for cattle. Maize is increasingly used as a biomass fuel, such as ethanol. Studies have shown that maize stem is made up of different lignified cell types: epidermis, sclerenchyma (a few layers under the epidermis and surrounding vascular bundles in the rind), parenchyma (mostly lignified near the epidermis). One of the aims of this work is to find out if it is the proportion of these different cell types or their number (especially for vascular bundles) which influences the degree of digestibility of maize lines. For that the objective of our work is to develop a genomic strategic approach allowing an improvement of traits involved in cell wall degradability. The work will include the mapping of genes considered as strategic in the cell wall biosynthesis, the search of new genes of interest through bio-analysis, the functional analysis of genes suspected to be of importance in cell wall pathway, the search of candidate underlying QTL, and transcriptomic approaches in order to find genes co-regulation, transcription, and eQTL.-Comparison of 2 maize lines : Cm484: good digestibility F98902: bad digestibility) , at the following developmental stade 2: male flowering Keywords: genotype comparaison
2011-06-01 | GSE18857 | GEO
Project description:affy_en-tj_maize - affy_tj_maize - Maize, Zea mays, is one of the most widely grown crops in the world as it provides cereal grain for human purposes and feedstock for cattle. Maize is increasingly used as a biomass fuel, such as ethanol. Studies have shown that maize stem is made up of different lignified cell types: epidermis, sclerenchyma (a few layers under the epidermis and surrounding vascular bundles in the rind), parenchyma (mostly lignified near the epidermis). One of the aims of this work is to find out if it is the proportion of these different cell types or their number (especially for vascular bundles) which influences the degree of digestibility of maize lines. For that the objective of our work is to develop a genomic strategic approach allowing an improvement of traits involved in cell wall degradability. The work will include the mapping of genes considered as strategic in the cell wall biosynthesis, the search of new genes of interest through bio-analysis, the functional analysis of genes suspected to be of importance in cell wall pathway, the search of candidate underlying QTL, and transcriptomic approaches in order to find genes co-regulation, transcription, and eQTL.-Comparison of 2 maize lines : Cm484: good digestibility F98902: bad digestibility at the following development stage : 21 days after sowing -7 leaves- Keywords: genotype comparaison
2011-06-01 | GSE18846 | GEO
Project description:affy_cellwall_maize - affy_cellwall_maize - Maize, Zea mays, is one of the most widely grown crops in the world as it provides cereal grain for human purposes and feedstock for cattle. Maize is increasingly used as a biomass fuel, such as ethanol. Studies have shown that maize stem is made up of different lignified cell types: epidermis, sclerenchyma (a few layers under the epidermis and surrounding vascular bundles in the rind), parenchyma (mostly lignified near the epidermis). One of the aims of this work is to find out if it is the proportion of these different cell types or their number (especially for vascular bundles) which influences the degree of digestibility of maize lines. For that the objective of our work is to develop a genomic strategic approach allowing an improvement of traits involved in cell wall degradability. The work will include the mapping of genes considered as strategic in the cell wall biosynthesis, the search of new genes of interest through bio-analysis, the functional analysis of genes suspected to be of importance in cell wall pathway, the search of candidate underlying QTL, and transcriptomic approaches in order to find genes co-regulation, transcription.-Comparison of internodes from 5 maize lines grown in field conditions
2010-12-07 | GSE24624 | GEO