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Impact of an Acute Bout of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise on Circulating Leukocytes in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury.

ABSTRACT: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) may experience cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and organ function dysregulation. Sequelae include reduced catecholamine secretion and attenuated immune responses which may impact exercise-induced leukocytosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize major leukocyte subtypes following 30 minutes of acute, submaximal aerobic exercise, in line with updated international SCI exercise guidelines for adults. It was hypothesized that exercise would increase major leukocyte subtypes when compared to fasted baseline. Eight participants with SCI (incomplete n = 6; complete n = 2) completed a 30-minute bout of aerobic exercise on an arm cycle ergometer at 60% of their peak power output followed by 90 minutes of recovery, or a 2-hour seated control condition, in a randomized crossover design, separated by 7-14 days. Blood samples were taken at baseline, post exercise, and 90 minutes after exercise (with time matched control). Leukocyte subtypes were analyzed via flow cytometry and plasma catecholamines by ELISA. Several leukocytes increased from pre- to post-exercise (time X condition interaction; all P < 0.05; mean ± SD), including CD3+ Lymphocytes (19 ± 16%), CD4+ T helper (16 ± 13%), CD8+ T cytotoxic (24 ± 23%), CD3+/CD56+ natural killer T (31 ± 34%), and CD3-/CD56+ natural killer (63 ± 82%). CD16+/CD14_dim monocytes decreased by 27 ± 38% following exercise to 90 minutes post-exercise. No changes were observed for catecholamines for either condition. Thirty minutes of acute submaximal aerobic exercise sufficiently increased most lymphocyte subsets with effector functions, while leading to decreased proinflammatory monocytes during the recovery phase. This exercise duration and intensity appear to be an appropriate option for modulating circulating immune cells in individuals with SCI.

SUBMITTER: Jackson GS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9458291 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Impact of an Acute Bout of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise on Circulating Leukocytes in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury.

Jackson Garett S GS Todd Kendra R KR VAN DER Scheer Jan W JW Walsh Jeremy J JJ Dix Gabriel U GU Martin Ginis Kathleen A KA Little Jonathan P JP

International journal of exercise science 20220701 3

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) may experience cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and organ function dysregulation. Sequelae include reduced catecholamine secretion and attenuated immune responses which may impact exercise-induced leukocytosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize major leukocyte subtypes following 30 minutes of acute, submaximal aerobic exercise, in line with updated international SCI exercise guidelines for adults. It was hypothesized that exercise would increa ...[more]

PMID: 36158229

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Project description:Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) results in permanent life-altering motor and respiratory deficits. Other than mechanical ventilation for respiratory insufficiency secondary to cervical SCI, effective treatments are lacking and the development of animal models to explore new therapeutic strategies are needed. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the feasibility of using a mouse model of partial cervical spinal hemisection at the second cervical metameric segment (C2) to investigate the impact of 6 weeks training on forced exercise wheel system on locomotor/respiratory plasticity muscles. To measure run capacity locomotor and respiratory functions, incremental exercise tests and diaphragmatic electromyography were done. In addition, muscle fiber type composition and capillary distribution were assessed at 51 days following chronic C2 injury in diaphragm, extensor digitorum communis (EDC), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles. Six-week exercise training increased the running capacity of trained SCI mice. Fiber type composition in EDC, TA and SOL muscles was not modified by our protocol of exercise. The vascularization was increased in all muscle limbs in SCI trained group. No increase in diaphragmatic electromyography amplitude of the diaphragm muscle on the side of SCI was observed, while the contraction duration was significantly decreased in sedentary group compared to trained group. Cross-sectional area of type IIa myofiber in the contralateral diaphragm side of SCI was smaller in trained group. Fiber type distribution between contralateral and ipsilateral diaphragm in SCI sedentary group was affected, while no difference was observed in trained group. In addition, the vascularization of the diaphragm side contralateral to SCI was increased in trained group. All these results suggest an increase in fatigue resistance and a contribution to the running capacity in SCI trained group. Our exercise protocol could be a promising non-invasive strategy to sustain locomotor and respiratory muscle plasticity following SCI.

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Dataset Information

Impact of an Acute Bout of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise on Circulating Leukocytes in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury.

Publications

Impact of an Acute Bout of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise on Circulating Leukocytes in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury.

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