Dataset Information

Metabologenomic Approach Reveals Intestinal Environmental Features Associated with Barley-Induced Glucose Tolerance Improvements in Japanese: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT: (1) Background: Consumption of barley has been known to exert beneficial effects on glucose tolerance; however, it has also been reported that there are inter-individual differences in these responses. Recent evidence has suggested that these individual differences are mediated by the gut microbiota. (2) Methods: In the present study, we aimed to understand the relationship between the intestinal environment, including intestinal microbiome and their metabolome, and glucose tolerance. A randomized controlled trial with a 4-week consumption of barley or control food was conducted. We conducted an integrated analysis of the intestinal microbiome and metabolome and analyzed the relationship with improvement of glucose tolerance. (3) Results: We found that metabolites such as azelate were significantly increased after barley consumption. Furthermore, the subjects whose glucose tolerance was slightly impaired showed improvement in their glucose tolerance index following the barley consumption. Additionally, the analysis showed that the increase in the abundance of the Anaerostipes was correlated with the improvement in the glucose tolerance index. (4) Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the effects of barley consumption for glucose tolerance are partly defined by the intestinal environment of consumers, providing a quantitative measurement of the dietary effect based on the intestinal environment.

SUBMITTER: Goto Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9460218 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Metabologenomic Approach Reveals Intestinal Environmental Features Associated with Barley-Induced Glucose Tolerance Improvements in Japanese: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Goto Yuka Y Nishimoto Yuichiro Y Murakami Shinnosuke S Nomaguchi Tatsuhiro T Mori Yuka Y Ito Masaki M Nakaguro Ryohei R Kudo Toru T Matsuoka Tsubasa T Yamada Takuji T Kobayashi Toshiki T Fukuda Shinji S

Nutrients 20220824 17

(1) Background: Consumption of barley has been known to exert beneficial effects on glucose tolerance; however, it has also been reported that there are inter-individual differences in these responses. Recent evidence has suggested that these individual differences are mediated by the gut microbiota. (2) Methods: In the present study, we aimed to understand the relationship between the intestinal environment, including intestinal microbiome and their metabolome, and glucose tolerance. A randomiz ...[more]

PMID: 36079725

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Project description:Bile acid (BA) biotransformation by gut bacteria impacts BA profile and signaling to nuclear receptors, such as the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulating glucose metabolism. Altered BA-FXR signaling was therefore investigated as a potential mechanism linking polyphenol-induced gut bacterial changes and improved glucose metabolism. Diabetic db/db were fed low-fat diet (LFD) or LFD supplemented with a proanthocyanidin-rich extract of grape polyphenols (LFD-GP) for 4 weeks. Metabolic phenotypes, serum BAs, gut microbiota composition, and gene expression markers relevant to gut barrier and glucose metabolism were assessed. Gut organoids were used to investigate effects of individual BAs on ileal FXR activity. Compared with LFD-fed controls, GP supplemented db/db mice showed improved glucose metabolism, decreased relative abundance of gut bacteria associated with production of secondary BAs (SBAs), and depleted serum levels of SBAs taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA), ω-muricholic acid (ωMCA), and tauro-ω-muricholic acid (TωMCA). Serum levels of primary BAs (PBAs) increased, consistent with higher gene expression of PBA synthesis enzyme Cyp7a1. GP-induced BA changes associated with FXR inhibition as evidenced by reduced expression of FXR-responsive genes Shp, Fgf15, and Fabp6 in ileum tissue as well as hepatic Shp, which negatively regulates PBA synthesis. GP treatment did not affect expression of hepatic Fxr or expression of Abcb11, Slc51b, and Obp2a genes controlling BA transport. Ceramide biosynthesis genes Smpd3, Sptlc2, and Cers4 were decreased in liver and intestine suggesting lower tissue ceramides levels may contribute to improved glucose metabolism. THDCA, ωMCA, and TωMCA behaved as FXR agonists in ileal organoid experiments; therefore, their depletion in serum of GP-supplemented db/db and wild type (WT) mice was consistent with FXR inhibition. These data suggest that by altering the gut microbiota, GPs modify BA-FXR signaling pathways to promote glucoregulation.

Dataset Information

Metabologenomic Approach Reveals Intestinal Environmental Features Associated with Barley-Induced Glucose Tolerance Improvements in Japanese: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Publications

Metabologenomic Approach Reveals Intestinal Environmental Features Associated with Barley-Induced Glucose Tolerance Improvements in Japanese: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Similar Datasets

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