Dataset Information

Larval crowding effects during early development in the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

ABSTRACT: Chinese sericulture relies in part on the rearing of the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi, an insect with key cultural and ecological roles. While feeding primarily on oak, Antheraea species are known to accept alternative hosts such as birch Betula sp with little to no apparent negative fitness consequences. This opens up the range of hostplants that could be used for large-scale rearing of A. pernyi for silk production and food, or used by this species in possible invasions. To date, however, the natural history and ecology of A. pernyi remain subject of investigation. For instance, we still do not know how individuals respond to crowding developmental environments, which is an important factor to consider for the ecology of the species as well as for commercial rearing. Here, I describe the implications of larval crowding to the survival and growth of A. pernyi larvae during early development. I show that higher crowding is associated with stronger negative effects on growth and survival, corroborating findings from other holometabolous insects. I then discuss the implications of this findings for our understanding of optimum larval crowding. Overall, the findings reveal important ecological information for an insect species key for provisioning and cultural ecosystem services.

SUBMITTER: Morimoto J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9465191 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Larval crowding effects during early development in the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

Morimoto Juliano J

Ecology and evolution 20220911 9

Chinese sericulture relies in part on the rearing of the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi, an insect with key cultural and ecological roles. While feeding primarily on oak, Antheraea species are known to accept alternative hosts such as birch Betula sp with little to no apparent negative fitness consequences. This opens up the range of hostplants that could be used for large-scale rearing of A. pernyi for silk production and food, or used by this species in possi ...[more]

PMID: 36110887

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Project description:The pupal diapause of univoltine Antheraea pernyi hampers sericultural and biotechnological applications, which requires a high eclosion incidence after artificial diapause termination to ensure production of enough eggs. The effect of pupal diapause termination using 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on the eclosion incidence has not been well-documented in A. pernyi. Here, the dosage of injected 20E was optimized to efficiently terminate pupal diapause of A. pernyi, showing that inappropriate dosage of 20E can cause pupal lethality and a low eclosion incidence. The optimal ratio of 20E to 1-month-old pupae was determined as 6 μg/g. Morphological changes showed visible tissue dissociation at 3 days post-injection (dpi) and eye pigmentation at 5 dpi. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis identified 1,355/1,592, 494/203, 584/297, and 1,238/1,404 upregulated and downregulated genes at 1, 3, 6, and 9 dpi, respectively. The 117 genes enriched in the information processing pathways of "signal transduction" and "signaling molecules and interaction" were upregulated at 1 and 3 dpi, including the genes involved in FOXO signaling pathway. One chitinase, three trehalase, and five cathepsin genes related to energy metabolism and tissue dissociation showed high expression levels at the early stage, which were different from the upregulated expression of four other chitinase genes at the later stage. Simultaneously, the expression of several genes involved in molting hormone biosynthesis was also activated between 1 and 3 dpi. qRT-PCR further verified the expression patterns of two ecdysone receptor genes (EcRB1 and USP) and four downstream response genes (E93, Br-C, βFTZ-F1, and cathepsin L) at the pupal and pharate stages, respectively. Taken together, these genes serve as a resource for unraveling the mechanism underlying pupal-adult transition; these findings facilitate rearing of larvae more than once a year and biotechnological development through efficient termination of pupal diapause in A. pernyi in approximately half a month.

Dataset Information

Larval crowding effects during early development in the Chinese oak silkmoth Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

Publications

Larval crowding effects during early development in the Chinese oak silkmoth <i>Antheraea pernyi</i> (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae).

Similar Datasets

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