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Effect of piperine on the mitigation of obesity associated with gut microbiota alteration.

ABSTRACT: An obese mouse model induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding was used to reveal the role of piperine in modulating gut microbiota (GM). Piperine was administrated at 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight every day. As a result, piperine at 40 mg/kg significantly decreased body weight, liver weight, perirenal fat weight, and lowered serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose levels in HFD-fed mice. Additionally, piperine significantly attenuated fatty liver and modulated hepatic mRNA expressions of SREBP-1c, SREBP2, and HMGCR. In perirenal fat, FAS, C/EBPα, MCP1, and IL-6 expressions were significantly downregulated by piperine. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that piperine elevated GM diversity. The relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and Ruminococcaceae were significantly elevated, while Dubosiella and Enterorhabdus genera were suppressed by piperine. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the altered phylotypes were highly correlated with obesity phenotypes. These findings suggest that piperine modulates energy homeostasis and inflammation to alleviate obesity associated with GM regulation.

SUBMITTER: He J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9467908 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of piperine on the mitigation of obesity associated with gut microbiota alteration.

He Jianlin J Le Qingqing Q Wei Yufeng Y Yang Longhe L Cai Bing B Liu Yuansen Y Hong Bihong B

Current research in food science 20220902

An obese mouse model induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding was used to reveal the role of piperine in modulating gut microbiota (GM). Piperine was administrated at 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight every day. As a result, piperine at 40 mg/kg significantly decreased body weight, liver weight, perirenal fat weight, and lowered serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose levels in HFD-fed mice. Additionally, piperine significantly attenuated fatty liver and ...[more]

PMID: 36110383

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Project description:BackgroundObesity is a global epidemic in the industrialized and developing world, and many children suffer from obesity-related complications. Gut microbiota dysbiosis might have significant effect on the development of obesity. The microbiota continues to develop through childhood and thus childhood may be the prime time for microbiota interventions to realize health promotion or disease prevention. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the structure and function of pediatric gut microbiota.MethodsAccording to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, twenty-three normal weight and twenty-eight obese children were recruited from Nanjing, China. Genomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples. The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR, and sequencing was applied to analyze the gut microbiota diversity and composition using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform.ResultsThe number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) showed a decrease in the diversity of gut microbiota with increasing body weight. The alpha diversity indices showed that the normal weight group had higher abundance and observed species than the obese group (Chao1: P < 0.001; observed species: P < 0.001; PD whole tree: P < 0.001; Shannon index: P = 0.008). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) revealed significant differences in gut microbial community structure between the normal weight group and the obese group. The liner discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that fifty-five species of bacteria were abundant in the fecal samples of the normal weight group and forty-five species of bacteria were abundant in the obese group. In regard to phyla, the gut microbiota in the obese group had lower proportions of Bacteroidetes (51.35%) compared to the normal weight group (55.48%) (P = 0.030). There was no statistical difference in Firmicutes between the two groups (P = 0.436), and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes between the two groups had no statistical difference (P = 0.983). At the genus level, Faecalibacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnospira, Megamonas, and Haemophilus were significantly more abundant in the obese group than in the normal weight group (P = 0.048, P = 0.018, P < 0.001, P = 0.040, and P = 0.003, respectively). The fecal microbiota of children in the obese group had lower proportions of Oscillospira and Dialister compared to the normal weight group (P = 0.002 and P = 0.002, respectively).ConclusionsOur results showed a decrease in gut microbiota abundance and diversity as the BMI increased. Variations in the bacterial community structure were associated with obesity. Gut microbiota dysbiosis might play a crucial part in the development of obesity in Chinese children.

Project description:ObjectiveEstrogen is a critical hormone that is mainly produced by the ovary in females. Estrogen deficiency leads to various syndromes and diseases, partly due to gut microbiota alterations. Previous studies have shown that estrogen deficiency affects the gut microbiota at 6-8 weeks after ovariectomy, but the immediate effect of estrogen deficiency on the gut microbiota remains poorly understood.MethodsTo investigate the short time and dynamic effects of decreased estrogen levels on the gut microbiota and their potential impact on estrogen deficiency-related diseases, we performed metagenomic sequencing of 260 fecal samples from 50 ovariectomy (OVX) and 15 control C57BL/6 female mice at four time points after surgery.ResultsWe found that seven gut microbiota species, including E. coli, Parabacteroides unclassified, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 8_1_57FAA, Bacteroides uniformis, Veillonella unclassified, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, and Firmicutes bacterium M10_2, were abundant in OVX mice. The abundance of these species increased with time after OVX surgery. The relative abundance of the opportunistic pathogen E. coli and the Crohn's disease-related Veillonella spp. was significantly correlated with mouse weight gain in the OVX group. Butyrate production and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway were significantly enriched in the control mouse group, while the degradation of glutamic acid and aspartic acid was enriched in the OVX mouse group. As the time after OVX surgery increased, the bacterial species and metabolic pathways significantly changed and tended to suggest an inflammatory environment, indicating a subhealthy state of the gut microbiota in the OVX mouse group.ConclusionsTaken together, our results show that the dynamic gut microbiota profile alteration caused by estrogen deficiency is related to obesity and inflammation, which may lead to immune and metabolic disorders. This study provides new clues for the treatment of estrogen deficiency-related diseases.

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Effect of piperine on the mitigation of obesity associated with gut microbiota alteration.

Publications

Effect of piperine on the mitigation of obesity associated with gut microbiota alteration.

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