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Perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 among community members of low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: Background: Risk perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are considered important as they impact community health behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 and to assess the factors associated with such risk perceptions among community members in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia, and South America. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 LMICs in Africa, Asia, and South America from February to May 2021. A questionnaire was utilized to assess the perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 and its plausible determinants. A logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with such risk perceptions. Results: A total of 1,646 responses were included in the analysis of the perceived risk of becoming infected and dying from COVID-19. Our data suggested that 36.4% of participants had a high perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, while only 22.4% had a perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Being a woman, working in healthcare-related sectors, contracting pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, as well as seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV were all associated with a higher perceived risk of becoming infected with COVID-19. In addition, being a woman, elderly, having heart disease and pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, and seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV had a higher perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Conclusions: The perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 are relatively low among respondents; this suggests the need to conduct health campaigns to disseminate knowledge and information on the ongoing pandemic.

SUBMITTER: Gachabayov M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9468621 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 among community members of low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study.

Gachabayov Mahir M Sharun Khan K Felsenreich Daniel M DM Nainu Firzan F Anwar Samsul S Yufika Amanda A Ophinni Youdiil Y Yamada Chika C Fahriani Marhami M Husnah Milda M Raad Rawan R Khiri Namareg Me NM Abdalla Rashed Ya RY Adam Rashed Y RY Ismaeil Mohajer Ih MI Ismail Asma Y AY Kacem Wajdi W Teyeb Zeineb Z Aloui Khaoula K Hafsi Montacer M Ferjani Manel M Dahman Nasrine Ben Hadj NBH Deeb Dalia A DA Emad Dina D Abbas Kirellos Said KS Monib Fatma A FA Sami Farah S FS Ramanarayanan Subramaniam S Panchawagh Suhrud S Anandu Sunil S Haque Md Ariful MA Ferreto Lirane Ed LE Briones María Fc MF Morales Rocío Bi RB Lazcano-Díaz Sebastián S Aburto José To JT Rojas Jorge Et JE Balogun Emmanuel O EO Kusuma Hendrix I HI Yeni Cut Meurah CM Utami Niken Asri NA Enitan Seyi S SS Yomi Akele R AR Durosinmi Abiodun A Adejumo Esther N EN Ezigbo Eyiuche D ED Babadi Elham E Kakemam Edris E Ullah Irfan I Malik Najma I NI Rosiello Francesco F Emran Talha B TB Imelda Eva E Wendt Guilherme W GW Arab-Zozani Morteza M Dhama Kuldeep K Mudatsir Mudatsir M Harapan Harapan H

F1000Research 20220322

<b>Background:</b> Risk perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are considered important as they impact community health behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 and to assess the factors associated with such risk perceptions among community members in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia, and South America. <b>Methods:</b> An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 LMICs in Africa, Asia, a ...[more]

PMID: 36128553

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Project description:ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of the triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs in low-income and middle-income countries.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingLow-income and middle-income countries.ParticipantsWomen and children.Primary outcomeTriple burden of malnutrition (overweight/obese mother with undernourished and anaemic under 5 years child).MethodsData for this study were drawn from recent 22 low-income and middle-income countries Demographic and Health Surveys. A total weighted sample of 116 795 mother-child pairs was included in the study. STATA V.14.2 was used to clean, code and analyse the data. Multilevel logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with the problem. Adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI and a p<0.05 was reported to indicate statistical association. Model fitness and comparison were done using intraclass correlation coefficient, median OR, proportional change in variance and deviance.ResultThe pooled prevalence of the triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs was 11.39%. It showed statistically significant positive associations with mothers aged ≥35 years (AOR 2.25, 95% CI 2.08 to 2.44), family size >10 (AOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.26), delivery by caesarean section (AOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.83 to 2.03), the richest household (AOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.88), grand multiparous (AOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.46 to 1.81), age of child 36-47 months (AOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.64 to 1.90), at a p<0.05. Whereas breast feeding (AOR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99), married mothers (AOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.96), female children (AOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.92), improved toilet (AOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.29), improved source of drinking water (AOR 0.28, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.35), rural residents (AOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.69) had a contrasting relationship with the triple burden of malnutrition.ConclusionAbout 1 out of 10 households suffer from the triple burden of malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries. This study revealed that several maternal, child, household and community-level factors have a significant impact on the triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).DesignComparative cross-sectional study.SettingLMICs.ParticipantsReproductive-age women.Primary outcomeAnaemia.MethodsData for the study were drawn from the recent 46 LMICs Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). A total of 185 330 lactating and 827 501 non-lactating women (both are non-pregnant) who gave birth in the last 5 years preceding the survey were included. STATA V.16 was used to clean, code and analyse the data. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with anaemia. In the adjusted model, the adjusted OR with 95% CI and a p value <0.05 was reported to indicate statistical association.ResultThe prevalence of anaemia among lactating and non-lactating women was found at 50.95% (95% CI 50.72, 51.17) and 49.33% (95% CI 49.23%, 49.44%), respectively. Maternal age, mother's educational status, wealth index, family size, media exposure, residence, pregnancy termination, source of drinking water and contraceptive usage were significantly associated determinants of anaemia in both lactating and non-lactating women. Additionally, the type of toilet facility, antenatal care visit, postnatal care visit, iron supplementation and place of delivery were factors significantly associated with anaemia in lactating women. Besides, smoking was significantly associated with anaemia in non-lactating women.Conclusions and recommendationsThe prevalence of anaemia was higher in lactating women compared with non-lactating. Almost half of the lactating and non-lactating women were anaemic. Both individual-level and community-level factors were significantly associated with anaemia. Governments, non-governmental organisations, healthcare professionals and other stakeholders are recommended to primarily focus on disadvantageous communities where their knowledge, purchasing power, access to healthcare facilities, access to clean drinking water and clean toilet facilities are minimal.

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Project description:BackgroundUnderstanding subnational variation in age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) and total fertility rates (TFRs), and geographical clustering of high fertility and its determinants in low-income and middle-income countries, is increasingly needed for geographical targeting and prioritising of policy. We aimed to identify variation in fertility rates, to describe patterns of key selected fertility determinants in areas of high fertility.MethodsWe did a subnational analysis of ASFRs and TFRs from the most recent publicly available and nationally representative cross-sectional Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys collected between 2010 and 2016 for 70 low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries, across 932 administrative units. We assessed the degree of global spatial autocorrelation by using Moran's I statistic and did a spatial cluster analysis using the Getis-Ord Gi* local statistic to examine the geographical clustering of fertility and key selected fertility determinants. Descriptive analysis was used to investigate the distribution of ASFRs and of selected determinants in each cluster.FindingsTFR varied from below replacement (2·1 children per women) in 36 of the 932 subnational regions (mainly located in India, Myanmar, Colombia, and Armenia), to rates of 8 and higher in 14 subnational regions, located in sub-Saharan Africa and Afghanistan. Areas with high-fertility clusters were mostly associated with areas of low prevalence of women with secondary or higher education, low use of contraception, and high unmet needs for family planning, although exceptions existed.InterpretationSubstantial within-country variation in the distribution of fertility rates highlights the need for tailored programmes and strategies in high-fertility cluster areas to increase the use of contraception and access to secondary education, and to reduce unmet need for family planning.FundingWellcome Trust, the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Dataset Information

Perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 among community members of low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study.

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Perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 among community members of low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study.

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