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Influence of Bacillus subtilis strain Z-14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

ABSTRACT: Wheat take-all disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) spreads rapidly and is highly destructive, causing severe reductions in wheat yield. Bacillus subtilis strain Z-14 that significantly controlled wheat take-all disease effectively colonized the roots of wheat seedlings. Z-14 increased the metabolic activity and carbon source utilization of rhizospheric microorganisms, thus elevating average well-color development (AWCD) values and functional diversity indexes of soil microbial communities. Z-14 increased the abundance of Bacillus in the rhizosphere, which was positively correlated with AWCD and functional diversity indexes. The Z-14-treated samples acquired more linkages and relative connections between bacterial communities according to co-occurrence network analyses. After the application of Ggt, the number of linkages between fungal communities increased but later decreased, whereas Z-14 increased such interactions. Whole-genome sequencing uncovered 113 functional genes related to Z-14's colonization ability and 10 secondary metabolite gene clusters in the strain, of which nine substances have antimicrobial activity. This study clarifies how bacterial agents like Z-14 act against phytopathogenic fungi and lays a foundation for the effective application of biocontrol agents.

SUBMITTER: Liu Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9479631 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of Bacillus subtilis strain Z-14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

Liu Zhaosha Z Xiao Jiawen J Zhang Xuechao X Dou Shijuan S Gao Tongguo T Wang Dongmei D Zhang Dongdong D

Frontiers in microbiology 20220902

Wheat take-all disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) spreads rapidly and is highly destructive, causing severe reductions in wheat yield. Bacillus subtilis strain Z-14 that significantly controlled wheat take-all disease effectively colonized the roots of wheat seedlings. Z-14 increased the metabolic activity and carbon source utilization of rhizospheric microorganisms, thus elevating average well-color development (AWCD) values and functional d ...[more]

PMID: 36118228

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Project description:Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is a soilborne pathogen that causes "take-all" disease, affecting cereal roots. In wheat, G. graminis var. tritici is the most important biotic factor, causing around 30 to 50% losses of yield. Chemical control of this fungal disease is difficult because G. graminis var. tritici is able to reside for a long time in soils. Therefore, the development of environmentally friendly biotechnological strategies to diminish the incidence of soilborne diseases is highly desirable. Natural products are a promising strategy for biocontrol of plant pathogens. A special emphasis is on medicinal plants due to their reported fungitoxic effects. Drimys winteri (canelo) is a medicinal plant that is widely used by the Mapuche ethnic group from Chile due to its anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, inhibitory effects of canelo against phytopathogenic fungi and pest insects have been reported. In this study, we isolated, purified, and identified six drimane sesquiterpenoid compounds from canelo (drimenin, drimenol, polygodial, isodrimeninol, valdiviolide, and drimendiol). Then, we evaluated their antimicrobial effects against G. graminis var. tritici. Compounds were identified by comparing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data and the retention time in thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with those of pure standards. The putative antagonistic effects were confirmed by assessing hyphal cell wall damage using confocal microscopy and lipid peroxidation. Here, we reported the high potential of drimane sesquiterpenoids as natural antifungals against G. graminis var. tritici. Polygodial and isodrimeninol were the most effective, with 50% lethal concentrations (LC50s) between 7 and 10 μg ml-1 and higher levels of fungal lipid peroxidation seen. Accordingly, natural sesquiterpenoids purified from canelo are biologically active against G. graminis var. tritici and could be used as natural biofungicides for sustainable agriculture.IMPORTANCE More than two billion tons of pesticides are used every year worldwide. An interesting sustainable alternative to control plant pathogens is the use of natural products obtained from plants, mainly medicinal plants that offer secondary metabolites important to human/animal health. In this study, we isolated and identified six pure drimane sesquiterpenoids obtained from the bark of Drimys winteri Additionally, we evaluated their antifungal activities against Gaeumannomyces graminis (the main biotic factor affecting cereal production, especially wheat) by assessing fungal cell wall damage and lipid peroxidation. The compounds obtained showed important antifungal properties against G. graminis var. tritici, mainly isodrimenol, which was the second-most-active compound after polygodial, with an LC50 against G. graminis var. tritici of around 9.5 μg ml-1 This information could be useful for the development of new natural or hemisynthetic antifungal agents against soilborne phytopathogens that could be used in green agriculture.

Dataset Information

Influence of Bacillus subtilis strain Z-14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

Publications

Influence of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain Z-14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> var. <i>tritici</i>.

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Dataset Information

Influence of Bacillus subtilis strain Z-14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

Publications

Influence of &lt;i&gt;Bacillus subtilis&lt;/i&gt; strain Z-14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with &lt;i&gt;Gaeumannomyces graminis&lt;/i&gt; var. &lt;i&gt;tritici&lt;/i&gt;.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Influence of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain Z-14 on microbial communities of wheat rhizospheric soil infested with <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> var. <i>tritici</i>.