Anterior cingulate cortex causally supports flexible learning under motivationally challenging and cognitively demanding conditions.

ABSTRACT: Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and striatum (STR) contain neurons encoding not only the expected values of actions, but also the value of stimulus features irrespective of actions. Values about stimulus features in ACC or STR might contribute to adaptive behavior by guiding fixational information sampling and biasing choices toward relevant objects, but they might also have indirect motivational functions by enabling subjects to estimate the value of putting effort into choosing objects. Here, we tested these possibilities by modulating neuronal activity in ACC and STR of nonhuman primates using transcranial ultrasound stimulation while subjects learned the relevance of objects in situations with varying motivational and cognitive demands. Motivational demand was indexed by varying gains

SUBMITTER: Banaie Boroujeni K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9481162 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature