Replication-competent HIV-1 in human alveolar macrophages and monocytes despite nucleotide pools with elevated dUTP.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Although CD4⁺ memory T cells are considered the primary latent reservoir for HIV-1, replication competent HIV has been detected in tissue macrophages in both animal and human studies. During in vitro HIV infection, the depleted nucleotide pool and high dUTP levels in monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) leads to proviruses with high levels of dUMP, which has been implicated in viral restriction or reduced transcription depending on the uracil base excision repair (UBER) competence of the macrophage. Incorporated dUMP has also been detected in viral DNA from circulating monocytes (MC) and alveolar macrophages (AM) of HIV infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), establishing the biological relevance of this phenotype but not the replicative capacity of d

SUBMITTER: Cui J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9482235 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature