Dataset Information

Sphagnum capillifolium holobiont from a subarctic palsa bog aggravates the potential of nitrous oxide emissions.

ABSTRACT: Melting permafrost mounds in subarctic palsa mires are thawing under climate warming and have become a substantial source of N₂O emissions. However, mechanistic insights into the permafrost thaw-induced N₂O emissions in these unique habitats remain elusive. We demonstrated that N₂O emission potential in palsa bogs was driven by the bacterial residents of two dominant Sphagnum mosses especially of Sphagnum capillifolium (SC) in the subarctic palsa bog, which responded to endogenous and exogenous Sphagnum factors such as secondary metabolites, nitrogen and carbon sources, temperature, and pH. SC's high N₂O emission activity was linked with two classes of distinctive hyperactive N₂O emitters, including Pseudomonas sp. and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, whose hyperactive N₂O emitting capability was characterized to be dominantly pH-responsive. As the nosZ gene-harboring emitter, Pseudomonas sp. SC-H2 reached a high level of N₂O emissions that increased significantly with increasing pH. For emitters lacking the nosZ gene, an Enterobacteriaceae bacterium SC-L1 was more adaptive to natural acidic conditions, and N₂O emissions also increased with pH. Our study revealed previously unknown hyperactive N₂O emitters in Sphagnum capillifolium found in melting palsa mound environments, and provided novel insights into SC-associated N₂O emissions.

SUBMITTER: Nie Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9490422 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Sphagnum capillifolium holobiont from a subarctic palsa bog aggravates the potential of nitrous oxide emissions.

Nie Yanxia Y Lau Sharon Yu Ling SYL Tan Xiangping X Lu Xiankai X Liu Suping S Tahvanainen Teemu T Isoda Reika R Ye Qing Q Hashidoko Yasuyuki Y

Frontiers in plant science 20220907

Melting permafrost mounds in subarctic palsa mires are thawing under climate warming and have become a substantial source of N2O emissions. However, mechanistic insights into the permafrost thaw-induced N2O emissions in these unique habitats remain elusive. We demonstrated that N2O emission potential in palsa bogs was driven by the bacterial residents of two dominant Sphagnum mosses especially of Sphagnum capillifolium (SC) in the subarctic palsa bo ...[more]

PMID: 36160957

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Project description:Streams and river networks are increasingly recognized as significant sources for the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2 O). N2 O is a transformation product of nitrogenous compounds in soil, sediment and water. Agricultural areas are considered a particular hotspot for emissions because of the large input of nitrogen (N) fertilizers applied on arable land. However, there is little information on N2 O emissions from forest streams although they constitute a major part of the total stream network globally. Here, we compiled N2 O concentration data from low-order streams (~1,000 observations from 172 stream sites) covering a large geographical gradient in Sweden from the temperate to the boreal zone and representing catchments with various degrees of agriculture and forest coverage. Our results showed that agricultural and forest streams had comparable N2 O concentrations of 1.6 ± 2.1 and 1.3 ± 1.8 µg N/L, respectively (mean ± SD) despite higher total N (TN) concentrations in agricultural streams (1,520 ± 1,640 vs. 780 ± 600 µg N/L). Although clear patterns linking N2 O concentrations and environmental variables were difficult to discern, the percent saturation of N2 O in the streams was positively correlated with stream concentration of TN and negatively correlated with pH. We speculate that the apparent contradiction between lower TN concentration but similar N2 O concentrations in forest streams than in agricultural streams is due to the low pH (<6) in forest soils and streams which affects denitrification and yields higher N2 O emissions. An estimate of the N2 O emission from low-order streams at the national scale revealed that ~1.8 × 109 g N2 O-N are emitted annually in Sweden, with forest streams contributing about 80% of the total stream emission. Hence, our results provide evidence that forest streams can act as substantial N2 O sources in the landscape with 800 × 109 g CO2 -eq emitted annually in Sweden, equivalent to 25% of the total N2 O emissions from the Swedish agricultural sector.

Project description:Soil nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes comprise a significant part of the greenhouse gas emissions of agricultural products but are spatially and temporally variable, due to complex interactions between climate, soil and management variables. This study aimed to identify the main factors that affect N2O emissions under sugarcane, using a multi-site database from field experiments. Greenhouse gas fluxes, soil, climate, and management data were obtained from 13 field trials spanning the 2011-2017 period. We conducted exploratory, descriptive and inferential data analyses in experiments with varying fertiliser and stillage (vinasse) type and rate, and crop residue rates. The most relevant period of high N2O fluxes was the first 46 days after fertiliser application. The results indicate a strong positive correlation of cumulative N2O with nitrogen (N) fertiliser rate, soil fungi community (18S rRNA gene), soil ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-); and a moderate negative correlation with amoA genes of ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA) and soil organic matter content. The regression analysis revealed that easily routinely measured climate and management-related variables explained over 50% of the variation in cumulative N2O emissions, and that additional soil chemical and physical parameters improved the regression fit with an R2 = 0.65. Cross-wavelet analysis indicated significant correlations of N2O fluxes with rainfall and air temperature up to 64 days, associated with temporal lags of 2 to 4 days in some experiments, and presenting a good environmental control over fluxes in general. The nitrogen fertiliser mean emission factors ranged from 0.03 to 1.17% of N applied, with urea and ammonium nitrate plus vinasse producing high emissions, while ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate without vinasse, calcium nitrate, and mitigation alternatives (nitrification inhibitors and timing of vinasse application) producing low N2O-EFs. Measurements from multiple sites spanning several cropping seasons were useful for exploring the influence of environmental and management-related variables on soil N2O emissions in sugarcane production, providing support for global warming mitigation strategies, nitrogen management policies, and increased agricultural input efficiency.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10705-023-10321-w.

Dataset Information

Sphagnum capillifolium holobiont from a subarctic palsa bog aggravates the potential of nitrous oxide emissions.

Publications

<i>Sphagnum capillifolium</i> holobiont from a subarctic palsa bog aggravates the potential of nitrous oxide emissions.

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