Associations between HIV testing and multilevel stigmas among gay men and other men who have sex with men in nine urban centers across the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Complex manifestation of stigma across personal, community, and structural levels and their effect on HIV outcomes are less understood than effects in isolation. Yet, multilevel approaches that jointly assesses HIV criminalization and personal sexual behavior stigma in relation to HIV testing have not been widely employed or have only focused on specific subpopulations. The current study assesses the association of three types of MSM-related sexual behavior-related stigma (family, healthcare, general social stigma) measured at both individual and site levels and the presence/absence of laws criminalizing HIV transmission with HIV testing behaviors to inform HIV surveillance and prevention efforts among HIV-negative MSM in a holistic and integrated way.

Methods

We

SUBMITTER: Dibble KE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9490978 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature