Dataset Information

Effects of a palaeolithic diet on obstructive sleep apnoea occurring in females who are overweight after menopause-a randomised controlled trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objectives

Obesity is the main risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea, commonly occurring in females who are overweight after menopause. We aimed to study the effect of a palaeolithic diet on sleep apnoea in females with overweight after menopause from the population.

Methods

Seventy healthy, non-smoking females with a mean age of 60 years and a mean BMI of 33 kg/m² were randomised to a palaeolithic diet or to a control low-fat diet according to Nordic Nutritional Recommendations, for 2 years. The apnoea-hypopnoea index was measured and daytime sleepiness was estimated during the intervention.

Results

The mean apnoea-hypopnoea index at baseline was 11.6 (95% CI 8.6-14.5). The mean weight loss was 7.2 kg (95% CI 5.3-9.2 kg) in the palaeolithic diet group and 3.9 kg in the control group (95% CI 1.9-5.9 kg); p < 0.021 for the group difference. The reduction in weight corresponded to a reduction in the apnoea-hypopnoea index in the palaeolithic diet group (r = 0.38, p = 0.034) but not in the control group (r = 0.08, p = 0.69). The apnoea-hypopnoea index was reduced in the palaeolithic diet group when the weight was reduced by more than 8 kg. Daytime sleepiness according to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale score and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale score was unaffected by dietary group allocation.

Conclusions

A substantial decrease in body weight of 8 kg was needed to achieve a reduction in sleep apnoea in this small trial of women who are overweight after menopause. The palaeolithic diet was more effective for weight reduction than a control low-fat diet and the reduction in sleep apnoea was related to the degree of weight decrement within this diet group.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00692536.

SUBMITTER: Franklin KA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9492533 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effects of a palaeolithic diet on obstructive sleep apnoea occurring in females who are overweight after menopause-a randomised controlled trial.

Franklin Karl A KA Lindberg Eva E Svensson Johan J Larsson Christel C Lindahl Bernt B Mellberg Caroline C Sahlin Carin C Olsson Tommy T Ryberg Mats M

International journal of obesity (2005) 20220725 10

<h4>Background/objectives</h4>Obesity is the main risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea, commonly occurring in females who are overweight after menopause. We aimed to study the effect of a palaeolithic diet on sleep apnoea in females with overweight after menopause from the population.<h4>Methods</h4>Seventy healthy, non-smoking females with a mean age of 60 years and a mean BMI of 33 kg/m<sup>2</sup> were randomised to a palaeolithic diet or to a control low-fat diet according to Nordic Nutr ...[more]

PMID: 35879528

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Project description:The roles of central nervous mechanisms and cortical output in obstructive sleep apnoea remain unclear. We addressed corticomuscular coupling between cortical sensorimotor areas and lower facial motor units as a mechanistic pathway and as a possible surrogate marker of corticoperipheral motor control in obstructive sleep apnoea. In this exploratory cross-sectional retrospective study, we analysed EEG (C3 and C4 leads) and chin EMG from polysomnography recordings in 86 participants (22 females; age range: 26-81 years): 27 with mild (respiratory disturbance index = 5-15 events/h), 21 with moderate (15-30 events/h) and 23 with severe obstructive sleep apnoea (>30 events/h) and 15 control subjects (<5 events/h). By computing C3-/C4-EEG-chin EMG coherence of signal dynamics in time and frequency domains, we investigated corticomuscular coupling between cortical sensorimotor areas and lower facial motor units with increasing obstructive sleep apnoea severity during the entire sleeping time, during different sleep stages and during obstructive respiratory events, including 5 s before (stable breathing) and after events (breathing resumption). In addition, we studied a possible influence of body mass index and autonomic nervous system activation. We found that both average and respiratory event-specific corticomuscular coupling between cortical sensorimotor areas and lower facial motor units weakened significantly with increasing obstructive sleep apnoea severity, was strongest during N3 and weakened in N1, N2 and rapid eye movement stages (in decreasing order). Coupling increases significantly during the obstructive respiratory events compared with coupling just before and following them. Results were independent of body mass index or autonomic nervous system activation. We conclude that obstructive respiratory events in obstructive sleep apnoea are very strongly associated both quantitatively and temporally with the degree of disconnection within the cortical sensorimotor areas-lower facial motor units pathway. This quite coordinated activity pattern suggests a cortical sensorimotor area-driven obstructive respiratory event pattern generator and a central motor output disorder in obstructive sleep apnoea.

Dataset Information

Effects of a palaeolithic diet on obstructive sleep apnoea occurring in females who are overweight after menopause-a randomised controlled trial.

Background/objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Trial registration

Publications

Effects of a palaeolithic diet on obstructive sleep apnoea occurring in females who are overweight after menopause-a randomised controlled trial.

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