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Progress in structural and functional study of the bacterial phenylacetic acid catabolic pathway, its role in pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance.

ABSTRACT: Phenylacetic acid (PAA) is a central intermediate metabolite involved in bacterial degradation of aromatic components. The bacterial PAA pathway mainly contains 12 enzymes and a transcriptional regulator, which are involved in biofilm formation and antimicrobial activity. They are present in approximately 16% of the sequenced bacterial genome. In this review, we have summarized the PAA distribution in microbes, recent structural and functional study progress of the enzyme families of the bacterial PAA pathway, and their role in bacterial pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance. The enzymes of the bacterial PAA pathway have shown potential as an antimicrobial drug target for biotechnological applications in metabolic engineering.

SUBMITTER: Jiao M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9493321 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Progress in structural and functional study of the bacterial phenylacetic acid catabolic pathway, its role in pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance.

Jiao Min M He Wenbo W Ouyang Zhenlin Z Shi Qindong Q Wen Yurong Y

Frontiers in microbiology 20220908

Phenylacetic acid (PAA) is a central intermediate metabolite involved in bacterial degradation of aromatic components. The bacterial PAA pathway mainly contains 12 enzymes and a transcriptional regulator, which are involved in biofilm formation and antimicrobial activity. They are present in approximately 16% of the sequenced bacterial genome. In this review, we have summarized the PAA distribution in microbes, recent structural and functional study progress of the enzyme families of the bacteri ...[more]

PMID: 36160191

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Project description:The opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is responsible for a wide range of infections that are becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to extremely high rates of multidrug resistance. Acinetobacter's pathogenic potential is thought to rely on a "persist and resist" strategy that facilitates its remarkable ability to survive under a variety of harsh conditions. The paa operon is involved in the catabolism of phenylacetic acid (PAA), an intermediate in phenylalanine degradation, and is the most differentially regulated pathway under many environmental conditions. We found that, under subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics, A. baumannii upregulates expression of the paa operon while simultaneously repressing chaperone-usher Csu pilus expression and biofilm formation. These phenotypes are reverted either by exogenous addition of PAA and its nonmetabolizable derivative 4-fluoro-PAA or by a mutation that blocks PAA degradation. Interference with PAA degradation increases susceptibility to antibiotics and hydrogen peroxide treatment. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified a subset of genes and proteins whose expression is affected by addition of PAA or disruption of the paa pathway. Finally, we demonstrated that blocking PAA catabolism results in attenuated virulence in a murine catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) model. We conclude that the paa operon is part of a regulatory network that responds to antibiotic and oxidative stress and is important for virulence. PAA has known regulatory functions in plants, and our experiments suggest that PAA is a cross-kingdom signaling molecule. Interference with this pathway may lead, in the future, to novel therapeutic strategies against A. baumannii infections. IMPORTANCE Acinetobacter baumannii causes a wide range of infections that are difficult to treat due to increasing rates of multidrug resistance; however, the mechanisms that this pathogen uses to respond to stress are poorly understood. Here, we describe a new mechanism of stress signaling in Acinetobacter that is mediated by the metabolite phenylacetic acid (PAA). We found that disrupting PAA catabolism interfered with A. baumannii's ability to adapt to stress, leading to decreased antibiotic tolerance and hydrogen peroxide resistance. We propose that investigating this stress response could lead to the development of novel therapeutics. In fact, PAA derivatives constitute a group of FDA-approved nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that could potentially be repurposed as antivirulence therapies to target multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infections.

Dataset Information

Progress in structural and functional study of the bacterial phenylacetic acid catabolic pathway, its role in pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance.

Publications

Progress in structural and functional study of the bacterial phenylacetic acid catabolic pathway, its role in pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance.

Similar Datasets

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