Dual Roles of Extracellular Histone H3 in Host Defense: Its Differential Regions Responsible for Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties and Their Modes of Action.

ABSTRACT: Extracellular histones play a dual role-antimicrobial and cytotoxic-in host defense. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of histone H3 and identified the responsible molecular regions for these properties. Broth microdilution assays indicated that histone H3 exhibits growth inhibitory activity against not only Gram-negative and -positive bacteria but also fungi. Observations under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that histone H3 induced morphological abnormalities on the cell surface of a wide range of reference pathogens. MTT assays and SEM observations indicated that histone H3 has strong cytotoxic and cell lytic effects on mammalian normal, immortal, and tumor cell lines. Assays using synthetic peptides corresponding to fragments 1-34 (H3DP1

SUBMITTER: Tanaka Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9495139 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature