Dataset Information

Predicting the Weathering Time by the Empty Puparium of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) with the ANN Models.

ABSTRACT: Empty puparium are frequently collected at crime scenes and may provide valuable evidence in cases with a long postmortem interval (PMI). Here, we collected the puparium of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) for 120 days at three temperatures (10 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C) with the aim to estimate the weathering time of empty puparium. The CHC profiles were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The partial least squares (PLS), support vector regression (SVR), and artificial neural network (ANN) models were used to estimate the weathering time. This identified 49 CHCs with a carbon chain length between 10 and 33 in empty puparium. The three models demonstrate that the variation tendency of hydrocarbon could be used to estimate the weathering time, while the ANN models show the best predictive ability among these three models. This work indicated that puparial hydrocarbon weathering has certain regularity with weathering time and can gain insight into estimating PMI in forensic investigations.

SUBMITTER: Zhang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9502838 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Predicting the Weathering Time by the Empty Puparium of <i>Sarcophaga peregrina</i> (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) with the ANN Models.

Zhang Xiangyan X Bai Yang Y Ngando Fernand Jocelin FJ Qu Hongke H Shang Yanjie Y Ren Lipin L Guo Yadong Y

Insects 20220905 9

Empty puparium are frequently collected at crime scenes and may provide valuable evidence in cases with a long postmortem interval (PMI). Here, we collected the puparium of <i>Sarcophaga peregrina</i> (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) for 120 days at three temperatures (10 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C) with the aim to estimate the weathering time of empty puparium. The CHC profiles were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The partial least squares (PLS), support ve ...[more]

PMID: 36135509

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Project description:BackgroundThe flesh fly, Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), is an important hygiene pest, that causes myiasis in humans and other mammals, typically livestock, and as a vector for various parasitic agents, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating gene expression during metamorphosis of the flesh fly has not been well established.Methodology/principal findingsIn this study, we performed genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs from the early pupal stage (1-days pupae), mid-term pupal stage (5-days pupae), and late pupal stage (9-days pupae) of S. peregrina by RNA-seq, and a total of 6921 lncRNAs transcripts were identified. RT-qPCR and enrichment analyses revealed the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) that might be associated with insect metamorphosis development. Furthermore, functional analysis revealed that the DE lncRNA (SP_lnc5000) could potentially be involved in regulating the metamorphosis of S. peregrina. RNA interference of SP_lnc5000 caused reduced expression of metamorphosis-related genes in 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) signaling (Br-c, Ftz-F1), cuticle tanning pathway (TH, DOPA), and chitin related pathway (Cht5). Injection of dsSP_lnc5000 in 3rd instar larvae of S. peregrina resulted in deformed pupae, stagnation of pupal-adult metamorphosis, and a decrease in development time of pupal, pupariation rates and eclosion rates. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E), scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and cuticle hydrocarbons (CHCs) analysis indicated that SP_lnc5000 had crucial roles in the metamorphosis developmental by modulating pupal cuticular development.Conclusions/significanceWe established that the lncRNA SP_lnc5000 potentially regulates the metamorphosis of S. peregrina by putatively affecting the structure and composition of the pupal cuticle. This study enhances our understanding of lncRNAs as regulators of metamorphosis in S. peregrina, and provide valuable insights into the identification of potential targets for vector control and the development of effective strategies for controlling the spread of myiasis and parasitic diseases.

Project description:BackgroundHeat tolerance is a distinct abiotic factor affecting the distribution and abundance of insects. Gut microbiota can contribute to host fitness, thereby increasing resistance to abiotic stress conditions. In this study, Sarcophaga peregrina is closely associated with human life in ecological habits and shows remarkable adaptability to daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations. To date, the role of gut microbiota in S. peregrina response to heat stress and its influence on the host phenotypic variability remain poorly studied.MethodsWe exposed S. peregrina to heat stress at 40 °C for 3 h every day throughout the developmental stages from newly hatched larva to adult, after which gut DNA was extracted from third-instar larvae, early pupal stage, late pupal stage, and newly emerged adults, respectively. Then, 16S rRNA microbial community analyses were performed.ResultsFirstly, we analyzed whether heat stress could have an impact on the life history traits of S. peregrina and showed that the growth rate of larvae was higher and the developmental time was significantly shorter after heat stress. We then proposed the role of the gut microbiota in the heat tolerance of S. peregrina, which indicated that the bacterial abundance and community structure changed significantly after heat tolerance. In particular, the relative abundance of Wohlfahrtiimonas and Ignatzschineria was higher in the third-instar larval larvae; the former increased and the latter decreased significantly after heat stress. To further explore the effect of disturbing the microbial community on thermotolerant phenotype, newly hatched larvae were fed with amikacin under heat stress, which indicated that the larval length and the whole developmental cycle was significantly shorter.ConclusionThis study indicated that Wohlfahrtiimonas and Ignatzschineria should play an important role in the post-feeding stage under heat stress, but further study is still needed. In general, heat tolerance can affect the gut microbial community structure, which in turn affects the fitness of the host.

Dataset Information

Predicting the Weathering Time by the Empty Puparium of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) with the ANN Models.

Publications

Predicting the Weathering Time by the Empty Puparium of <i>Sarcophaga peregrina</i> (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) with the ANN Models.

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