Effects of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanostructures on CD4⁺ Th2 Lymphocytes.

ABSTRACT: The activation of T helper (Th) lymphocytes is necessary for the adaptive immune response as they contribute to the stimulation of B cells (for the secretion of antibodies) and macrophages (for phagocytosis and destruction of pathogens) and are necessary for cytotoxic T-cell activation to kill infected target cells. For these issues, Th lymphocytes must be converted into Th effector cells after their stimulation through their surface receptors TCR/CD3 (by binding to peptide-major histocompatibility complex localized on antigen-presenting cells) and the CD4 co-receptor. After stimulation, Th cells proliferate and differentiate into subpopulations, like Th1, Th2 or Th17, with different functions during the adaptative immune response. Due to the central role of the activation of Th lymphocyte

SUBMITTER: Feito MJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9506555 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature