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Harnessing magnetic fields for rare-earth complex crystallization-separations in aqueous solutions.

ABSTRACT: Magnetic field-directed crystallization separation of rare-earth (RE) metals is emerging as a new direction in the field of separation science, due to its simplicity, low energy input, and low cost of operation, as compared to traditional separation methods such as solvent extraction. Here, we report the use of Fe₁₄Nd₂B magnets for selective crystallization of paramagnetic Nd, Dy, Er, and Tm rare earth compounds from a mixture with diamagnetic La ones using the RE-DOTA complex system. All the separations were performed at milder temperatures of 3 °C to provide a thermal gradient, and the crystallizations were set up in aqueous solutions using the benign solvents water and acetone. A four-fold increase in the separation factor (41.4 ± 0.6) was observed for the Dy/La pair in the presence of a magnetic field as compared to the separation factor (10.5 ± 0.9) obtained without the application of the field. These results indicate that the use of the magnetic crystallization method for RE separations is effective in aqueous systems and can be a useful strategy for energy-efficient molecular separations of RE metals.

SUBMITTER: Kumar A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9521326 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Harnessing magnetic fields for rare-earth complex crystallization-separations in aqueous solutions.

Kumar Amit A Geng Han H Schelter Eric J EJ

RSC advances 20220929 43

Magnetic field-directed crystallization separation of rare-earth (RE) metals is emerging as a new direction in the field of separation science, due to its simplicity, low energy input, and low cost of operation, as compared to traditional separation methods such as solvent extraction. Here, we report the use of Fe<sub>14</sub>Nd<sub>2</sub>B magnets for selective crystallization of paramagnetic Nd, Dy, Er, and Tm rare earth compounds from a mixture with diamagnetic La ones using the RE-DOTA comp ...[more]

PMID: 36320235

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Project description:The transformation of modern industries towards enhanced sustainability is facilitated by green technologies that rely extensively on rare earth elements (REEs) such as cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), terbium (Tb), and lanthanum (La). The occurrence of productive mining sites, e.g., is limited, and production is often costly and environmentally harmful. As a consequence of increased utilization, REEs enter our ecosystem as industrial process water or wastewater and become highly diluted. Once diluted, they can hardly be recovered by conventional techniques, but using cyanobacterial biomass in a biosorption-based process is a promising eco-friendly approach. Cyanobacteria can produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that show high affinity to metal cations. However, the adsorption of REEs by EPS has not been part of extensive research. Thus, we evaluated the role of EPS in the biosorption of Ce, Nd, Tb, and La for three terrestrial, heterocystous cyanobacterial strains. We cultivated them under N-limited and non-limited conditions and extracted their EPS for compositional analyses. Subsequently, we investigated the metal uptake of a) the extracted EPS, b) the biomass extracted from EPS, and c) the intact biomass with EPS by comparing the amount of sorbed REEs. Maximum adsorption capacities for the tested REEs of extracted EPS were 123.9-138.2 mg g-1 for Komarekiella sp. 89.12, 133.1-137.4 mg g-1 for Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03, and 103.5-129.3 mg g-1 for Nostoc sp. 20.02. A comparison of extracted biomass with intact biomass showed that 16% (Komarekiella sp. 89.12), 28% (Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03), and 41% (Nostoc sp. 20.02) of REE adsorption was due to the biosorption of the extracellular EPS. The glucose- rich EPS (15%-43% relative concentration) of all three strains grown under nitrogen-limited conditions showed significantly higher biosorption rates for all REEs. We also found a significantly higher maximum adsorption capacity of all REEs for the extracted EPS compared to cells without EPS and untreated biomass, highlighting the important role of the EPS as a binding site for REEs in the biosorption process. EPS from cyanobacteria could thus be used as efficient biosorbents in future applications for REE recycling, e.g., industrial process water and wastewater streams.

Dataset Information

Harnessing magnetic fields for rare-earth complex crystallization-separations in aqueous solutions.

Publications

Harnessing magnetic fields for rare-earth complex crystallization-separations in aqueous solutions.

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