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Potential role of Limosilactobacillus fermentum as a probiotic with anti-diabetic properties: A review.

ABSTRACT: Oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota impairments have been implicated in the development and maintenance of diabetes mellitus. Strategies capable of recovering the community of commensal gut microbiota and controlling diabetes mellitus have increased in recent years. Some lactobacilli strains have an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory system capable of protecting against oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus. Experimental studies and some clinical trials have demonstrated that Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains can beneficially modulate the host antioxidant and anti-inflammatory system, resulting in the amelioration of glucose homeostasis in diabetic conditions. This review presents and discusses the currently available studies on the identification of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains with anti-diabetic properties, their sources, range of dosage, and the intervention time in experiments with animals and clinical trials. This review strives to serve as a relevant and well-cataloged reference of Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains capable of inducing anti-diabetic effects and promoting health benefits.

SUBMITTER: Lacerda DC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9521441 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Potential role of <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> as a probiotic with anti-diabetic properties: A review.

Lacerda Diego Cabral DC Trindade da Costa Paulo César PC Pontes Paula Brielle PB Carneiro Dos Santos Lucas Alves LA Cruz Neto José Patrocínio Ribeiro JPR Silva Luis Cristiane Cosmo CC de Sousa Brito Vanessa Polyana VP de Brito Alves José Luiz JL

World journal of diabetes 20220901 9

Oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota impairments have been implicated in the development and maintenance of diabetes mellitus. Strategies capable of recovering the community of commensal gut microbiota and controlling diabetes mellitus have increased in recent years. Some lactobacilli strains have an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory system capable of protecting against oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus. Experimental studies and some clinical trials have demonst ...[more]

PMID: 36188141

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Project description:IntroductionExopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Lactic acid bacteria have many health benefits and unique physicochemical properties. They are widely used in the food industry to improve viscosity, mouthfeel, and textural properties of foods. In our previous studies, Limosilactobacillus fermentum A51 (L. fermentum A51) isolated from yak yogurt exhibited high EPS production capacity and was applied to improve the texture of yogurt. In this study, whole genome sequencing analysis and corresponding in vitro assays were performed to investigate the probiotic potential and safety properties of L. fermentum A51.ResultsScanning electron microscopy (SEM) observed that L. fermentum strain A51 adhered into clusters and its colony exhibited the obvious silk drawing phenomenon. Whole genome mapping revealed that L. fermentum A51 genome is 2,188,538 bp, and with an average guanine and cytosine (GC) content of 51.28%. PGAAP annotation identified 2,152 protein-encoding genes and 58 rRNAs, 15 tRNAs, and 5 5sRNAs. Hemolysis and antibiotic resistance tests, combined with the analysis of genes involved in antibiotic resistance, virulence factor, and hemolysins, suggested that L. fermentum A51 is safe. Fifty-one carbohydrate active enzyme genes in the whole genome sequence of L. fermentum A51 were annotated by carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes). Furthermore, L. fermentum A51 possesses adhesion, acid tolerance, bile salt tolerance, and heat tolerance genes (srtA, tuf, Bsh, nhaC, Ntn, cfa), antioxidant (nrfA, npr, nox2, tps), antibacterial genes (Idh and Dld) EPS synthesis-related genes (glf, epsG, gtf, Wzz, Wzx, Wzy), and signal molecule A1-2 synthesis-related genes (luxS, pfs). These probiotic genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR. In vitro assays confirmed that L. fermentum A51 showed good tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal tract (8.49 log CFU/mL), 0.3% bile salt (39.06%), and possessed adhesion (86.92%), antioxidant (70.60-89.71%), and antimicrobial activities, as well as EPS and signaling molecule AI-2 synthesis capacities.ConclusionCollectively, our findings have confirmed that L. fermentum A51 is safe and exhibits good probiotic properties, thus recommending its potential application in the production of value-added fermented dairy products.

Project description:Fowl typhoid, a septicaemic disease of poultry, is caused by Salmonella Gallinarum and leads to severe economic losses. The aim of the present study was to isolate, select and characterize indigenous probiotic lactobacilli with anti-Salmonella Gallinarum activity. A total 55 lactobacilli were isolated from the caeca and ileum parts of healthy chickens and identified to species level by 16S rDNA sequencing. All the isolates were initially screened for antimicrobial activity and selected isolates were further subjected to in vitro evaluation of probiotic properties. Lactobacilli isolates (n = 21) showed varying levels of activity (08-18 mm) against Salmonella Gallinarum. These selected isolates also showed tolerance to acidic conditions (pH 3 and 4). Out of these 21 isolates, 13 showed growth (>0.5 OD at 600 nm) 0.3% bile salts. Moreover, these isolates also had the ability of auto-aggregation (20.05 ± 0.62%-50.70 ± 1.40%), and co-aggregation with Salmonella Gallinarum (5.22 ± 0.21%-42.07 ± 0.70%). Results revealed that lactobacilli had a higher level of resistance to vancomycin (100%), streptomycin (100%), ciprofloxacin (95%), gentamicin (90%), doxycycline (90%), oxytetracycline (85%), and bacitracin (80%), and a lower level of resistance to penicillin (33%), erythromycin (28%), chloramphenicol (23%), fusidic acid (23%) and amoxicillin (4%). The Limosilactobacillus fermentum PC-10 and PC-76 were sensitive to most of the antibiotics. The overall results revealed that two Limosilactobacillus fermentum strains (PC-10 and PC-76) fulfill the in vitro selection criteria of probiotics, i.e, tolerance to low pH, resistance to bile salts, auto-aggregation, co-aggregation with Salmonella Gallinarum, and absence of acquired antibiotic resistance. The Limosilactobacillus fermentum PC-10 and PC-76 also inhibited the (>5 log10) growth of Salmonella Gallinarum in co-culture assay. It is concluded that Limosilactobacillus fermentum PC-10 and PC-76 may be further investigated and developed as anti-Salmonella Gallinarum probiotics for poultry.

Project description:IntroductionEnvironmental enteropathy (EE), a chronic small intestine disease characterized by gut inflammation, is widely prevalent in low-income countries and is hypothesized to be caused by continuous exposure to fecal contamination. Targeted nutritional interventions using potential probiotic strains from fermented foods can be an effective strategy to inhibit enteric pathogens and prevent chronic gut inflammation.MethodsWe isolated potential strains from fermented rice water and lemon pickle and investigated their cell surface properties, antagonistic properties, adhesion to HT-29 cells, and inhibition of pathogen adherence to HT-29 cells. Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) were purified, and in vivo, survival studies in Caenorhabditis elegans infected with Salmonella enterica MW116733 were performed. We further checked the expression pattern of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL8, and IL-10) in HT-29 cells supplemented with strains.ResultsThe strains isolated from rice water (RS) and lemon pickle (T1) were identified as Limosilactobacillus fermentum MN410703 and MN410702, respectively. Strains showed probiotic properties like tolerance to low pH (pH 3.0), bile salts up to 0.5%, simulated gastric juice at low pH, and binding to extracellular matrix molecules. Auto-aggregation of T1 was in the range of 85% and significantly co-aggregated with Klebsiella pneumoniae, S. enterica, and Escherichia coli at 48, 79, and 65%, respectively. Both strains had a higher binding affinity to gelatin and heparin compared to Bacillus clausii. Susceptibility to most aminoglycoside, cephalosporin, and macrolide classes of antibiotics was also observed. RS showed BLIS activity against K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and S. enterica at 60, 48, and 30%, respectively, and the protective effects of BLIS from RS in the C. elegans infection model demonstrated a 70% survival rate of the worms infected with S. enterica. RS and T1 demonstrated binding efficiency to HT-29 cell lines in the 38-46% range, and both strains inhibited the adhesion of E. coli MDR and S. enterica. Upregulation of IL-6 and IL-10 and the downregulation of IL-8 were observed when HT-29 cells were treated with RS, indicating the immunomodulatory effects of the strain.DiscussionThe potential strains identified could effectively inhibit enteric pathogens and prevent environmental enteropathy.

Project description:BackgroundGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid with neuroinhibitory, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive properties and is used as a drug for treating anxiety and depression. Some strains of lactobacilli are known to produce GABA and strengthen the gut barrier function which play an important role in ameliorating the effects caused by the pathogen on the gut barrier. The probiotic bacteria are also known to modulate the human fecal microbiota, however, the role of GABA-producing strains on the gut epithelium permeability and gut microbiota is not known.ResultsIn this study, we report the production of high levels of GABA by potential probiotic bacterium Limosilactobacillus fermentum L18 for the first time. The kinetics of the production of GABA by L18 showed that the maximum production of GABA in the culture supernatant (CS) occurred at 24 h, whereas in fermented milk it took 48 h of fermentation. The effect of L18 on the restoration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-disrupted intestinal cell membrane permeability in Caco-2 monolayers showed that it significantly restored the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values, by significantly increasing the levels of junction proteins, occludin and E-cadherin in L18 and LPS-treated Caco-2 cells as compared to only LPS-treated cells. The effect of GABA-secreting L18 on the metataxonome of human stool samples from healthy individuals was investigated by a batch fermentor that mimics the conditions of the human colon. Although, no differences were observed in the α and β diversities of the L18-treated and untreated samples at 24 h, the relative abundances of bacterial families Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae increased in the L18-treated group, but both decreased in the untreated groups. On the other hand, the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae decreased in the L18 samples but it increased in the untreated samples.ConclusionThese results indicate that Li. fermentum L18 is a promising GABA-secreting strain that strengthens the gut epithelial barrier by increasing junction protein concentrations and positively modulating the gut microbiota. It has the potential to be used as a psychobiotic or for the production of functional foods for the management of anxiety-related illnesses.

Dataset Information

Potential role of Limosilactobacillus fermentum as a probiotic with anti-diabetic properties: A review.

Publications

Potential role of <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> as a probiotic with anti-diabetic properties: A review.

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