Pathophysiological Mechanisms Explaining the Association Between Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and Cognitive Function.

ABSTRACT: Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. This review describes the possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms: systemic inflammation, insulin metabolism, protein metabolism, and mitochondrial function. We hypothesize that the central tenet in this pathophysiology is the dysfunctional myokine secretion consequent to minimal physical activity. Myokines, such as fibronectin type III domain containing 5/irisin and cathepsin B, are released by physically active muscle and cross the blood-brain barrier. These myokines upregulate local neurotrophin expression such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain microenvironment. BDNF exerts anti-inflammatory effects that may be responsible for neuroprotection. Altered myokine s

SUBMITTER: Oudbier SJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9536455 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature