Cell-to-cell transmission of HIV-1 from provirus-activated cells to resting naive and memory human primary CD4 T cells is highly efficient and requires CD4 and F-actin but not chemokine receptors.

ABSTRACT: Latently infected cells harboring replication-competent proviruses represent a major barrier to HIV-1 cure. One major effort to purge these cells has focused on developing the "shock and kill" approach for forcing provirus reactivation to induce cell killing by viral cytopathic effects, host immune responses, or both. We conducted kinetic and mechanistic studies of HIV-1 protein expression, virion production, and cell-to-cell virus transmission during provirus reactivation. Provirus-activated ACH-2 cells stimulated with romidepsin (RMD) or PMA produced Nef early, and then Env and Gag in parallel with the appearance of virions. Env on the surface of provirus-activated cells and cellular F-actin were critical in the formation of virological synapses to mediate cell-to-cell transmission of HI

SUBMITTER: Lan J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9543916 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature