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Nature-based coagulants for drinking water treatment: An ecotoxicological overview.

ABSTRACT: The intensive human activities extensively contaminated water sources making its treatment a problem of paramount importance, especially with the increasing of global population and water scarcity. The application of natural coagulants has become a promising and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional ones. This study was aimed at evaluating the efficiency of four plant extracts namely Agave americana, Carpobrotus acinaciformis, Austrocylindropuntia subulate, and Senicio anteuphorbium as natural coagulants to remove Microcystis aeruginosa cyanobacterium from water. The effects of pH (4, 5, 6, 7, 8 9, and 10) and coagulant dose (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mg/L) on the coagulation efficiency were investigated. Results showed that plant-based extracts exhibited high coagulant abilities significantly contributing to the removal of M. aeruginosa cells up to 80% on a case-by-case basis. The ecotoxicity (Daphnia magna, Aliivibrio fischeri, Raphidocelis subcapitata, and Sorghum saccharatum) was absent or presented very slight acute toxicity up to 12.5 mg/L being S. anteuphorbium the least toxic. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Nature-based plant extracts showed removal rates up to 80%. Lower pH and A. subulate and S. anteuphorbium were the most efficient coagulants Toxicity effects were plant extracts-based and dose function. A. subulate and S. anteuphorbium were the least toxic extracts.

SUBMITTER: El Bouaidi W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9545364 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nature-based coagulants for drinking water treatment: An ecotoxicological overview.

El Bouaidi Widad W Libralato Giovanni G Tazart Zakaria Z Enaime Ghizlane G Douma Mountasser M Ounas Abdelaziz A Yaacoubi Abdelrani A Lofrano Giusy G Carotenuto Maurizio M Saviano Lorenzo L Siciliano Antonietta A Romano Spica Vincenzo V Guida Marco M Loudiki Mohammed M

Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation 20220801 8

The intensive human activities extensively contaminated water sources making its treatment a problem of paramount importance, especially with the increasing of global population and water scarcity. The application of natural coagulants has become a promising and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional ones. This study was aimed at evaluating the efficiency of four plant extracts namely Agave americana, Carpobrotus acinaciformis, Austrocylindropuntia subulate, and Senicio anteuphorbi ...[more]

PMID: 36029154

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Project description:The disposal of polymer post-treatment sludge (PTS) from Barekese Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) as organic fertilizer and aquatic feed is a common practice in Ghana, necessitating a thorough evaluation of its ecological and human health risks. This study aims to assess the suitability of PTS samples for soil amendment and fish feed, scrutinizing potential hazards to consumer health and soil. PTS samples were collected from five distinct lateral sections of three clariflocculator tanks. Potentially toxic metals such as Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Cr were determined using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean concentration of 7.82 ± 2.43, 0.31 ± 0.021, and 0.78 ± 0.042 mg/kg for Mn, Zn, and Pb respectively. The concentrations of Ni, Cr, and Cd were below their detection limits (BDL) in all PTS samples. Upon detailed exposure assessment, ingestion emerged as the primary exposure route for both adults and children, with non-cancer risks (NCR) determined to be below 1 for both age groups. Additionally, an exploration of potential cancer risks (CR) associated with heavy metal exposure in the PTS samples revealed values below the tolerable intake levels ranging from 10-4 to 10-6 for both adults and children (10-8 and 10-9, respectively). This study also employs various ecological indices, such as Nemerow's synthetic pollution index (PN), single factor pollution index (PI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), potential ecological risk index (PERI), pollution load index (PLI), polymetallic contaminant index (IPD), and ecological risk index (ERI). These indices consistently highlight a low contamination status and ecological sensitivity. Consequently, the study indicates that the presence of metals in the PTS samples does not pose a significant threat to the surrounding environment and human health. Furthermore, this research underscores the inadequacy of relying solely on regulatory limit values in assessing the health risks of waste materials. Such comprehensive assessments are crucial for safeguarding aquatic and human populations.

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Nature-based coagulants for drinking water treatment: An ecotoxicological overview.

Publications

Nature-based coagulants for drinking water treatment: An ecotoxicological overview.

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