Synthesis of high surface area mesoporous ZnCl₂-activated cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) leaves biochar derived via pyrolysis for crystal violet dye removal.

ABSTRACT: Chemically activated cocoa leaves biochar (CLB) was successfully prepared from fallen cocoa leaves (CLs) via ZnCl₂-activation and pyrolysis at 700 °C for sequestration of toxic crystal violet (CV) dye from aqueous solution. CLs and CLB were characterized using elemental analysis (CHN/O), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimum conditions for effective removal of CV dye from aqueous solution (75.67% for CLs and 99.87% for CLB) were pH 9, initial CV dye concentration 100 mg/L, adsorbent (CLs/CLB) dose 0.4 g/L, contact time 160 min and temperature 300 K. Modified Ritchie second order best described kinetic and Liu model de

SUBMITTER: Jabar JM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9547206 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature