Genetics and epigenetics of autoimmune thyroid diseases: Translational implications.

ABSTRACT: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) are prevalent autoimmune disorders, representing opposite ends of the clinical spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). The pathogenesis involves a complex interplay between environment and genes. Specific susceptibility genes have been discovered that predispose to AITD, including thyroid-specific and immune-regulatory genes. Growing evidence has revealed that genetic and epigenetic variants can alter autoantigen presentation during the development of immune tolerance, can enhance self-peptide binding to MHC (major histocompatibility complex), and can amplify stimulation of T- and B-cells. These gene-driven mechanistic discoveries lay the groundwork for novel treatment targets. This review summarizes recent advances in our under

SUBMITTER: Lee HJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9550878 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature