Immunopathogenesis and environmental triggers in coeliac disease.

ABSTRACT: Coeliac disease (CD) is a frequent immune enteropathy induced by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Its pathogenesis has been extensively studied and CD has emerged as a model disease to decipher how the interplay between environmental and genetic factors can predispose to autoimmunity and promote lymphomagenesis. The keystone event is the activation of a gluten-specific immune response that is driven by molecular interactions between gluten, the indispensable environmental factor, HLA-DQ2/8, the main predisposing genetic factor and transglutaminase 2, the CD-specific autoantigen. The antigluten response is however not sufficient to induce epithelial damage which requires the activation of cytotoxic CD8⁺ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). In a plausible scenario, coo

SUBMITTER: Levescot A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9554150 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature