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ABSTRACT: Introduction
Professionalism entails expert knowledge, self-regulation, accountability, and professional ethics. These factors are influenced by culture, political observance, professional maturity, education, and occupation; ethical practices may thus vary between countries and affect how neurosurgery is practiced.Research question
This paper aims to conduct a survey that addresses whether ethico-legal practices differ in European countries and whether existing ethical guidelines have been implemented.Material and methods
A questionnaire survey was used to examine the ethico-legal situation in 29 European countries or regions. The reports were validated by representatives of each nation.Results
Existing guidelines had been implemented to a minimal extent. M
SUBMITTER: Mathiesen TI
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9562226 | biostudies-literature | 2022
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature