Associations between fetal heart rate variability and umbilical cord occlusions-induced neural injury: An experimental study in a fetal sheep model.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

This study evaluated the association between fetal heart rate variability (HRV) and the occurrence of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in a fetal sheep model.

Material and methods

The experimental protocol created a hypoxic condition with repeated cord occlusions in three phases (A, B, C) to achieve acidosis to pH <7.00. Hemodynamic, gasometric and HRV parameters were analyzed during the protocol, and the fetal brain, brainstem and spinal cord were assessed histopathologically 48 h later. Associations between the various parameters and neural injury were compared between phases A, B and C using Spearman's rho test.

Results

Acute anoxic-ischemic brain lesions in all regions was present in 7/9 fetuses, and specific neural injury was observed in 3/9 fetuses. The number of brainstem lesions correlated significantly and inversely with the HRV fetal stress index (r = -0.784; p = 0.021) in phase C and with HRV long-term variability (r = -0.677; p = 0.045) and short-term variability (r = -0.837; p = 0.005) in phase B. The number of neurological lesions did not correlate significantly with other markers of HRV.

Conclusions

Neural injury caused by severe hypoxia was associated with HRV changes; in particular, brainstem damage was associated with changes in fetal-specific HRV markers.

SUBMITTER: Ghesquiere L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9564451 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature