Dataset Information

A Low-Cost, Low-Power Water Velocity Sensor Utilizing Acoustic Doppler Measurement.

ABSTRACT: Current commercial sensors to monitor water flow velocities are expensive, bulky, and require significant effort to install. Low-cost sensors open the possibility of monitoring storm and waste water systems at a much greater spatial and temporal resolution without prohibitive costs and resource investment. To aid in this, this work developed a low-cost, low-power velocity sensor based on acoustic Doppler velocimetry. The sensor, costing less than 50 USD is open-source, open-hardware, compact, and easily interfaceable to a wide range of data-logging systems. A freely available sensor design at this price point does not currently exist, and its novelty is in enabling high-resolution real-time monitoring schemes. The design is capable of measuring water velocities up to 1200 mm/s. The sensor is characterised and then verified in an in-field long-term test. Finally, the data from this test are then used to evaluate the performance of the sensor in a real-world scenario. The analysis concludes that the sensor is capable of effectively measuring water velocity.

SUBMITTER: Catsamas S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9572237 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Low-Cost, Low-Power Water Velocity Sensor Utilizing Acoustic Doppler Measurement.

Catsamas Stephen S Shi Baiqian B Deletic Boris B Wang Miao M McCarthy David T DT

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 20220930 19

Current commercial sensors to monitor water flow velocities are expensive, bulky, and require significant effort to install. Low-cost sensors open the possibility of monitoring storm and waste water systems at a much greater spatial and temporal resolution without prohibitive costs and resource investment. To aid in this, this work developed a low-cost, low-power velocity sensor based on acoustic Doppler velocimetry. The sensor, costing less than 50 USD is open-source, open-hardware, compact, an ...[more]

PMID: 36236550

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Project description:This study presents an external temperature sensor assisted a new low power, time-interleave, wide dynamic range, and low DC drift photoplethysmography (PPG) signal acquisition system to obtain the accurate measurement of various bio signs in real-time. The designed chip incorporates a 2-bit control programmable transimpedance amplifier (TIA), a high order filter, a 3:8 programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and 2 × 2 organic light-emitting diode (OLED) driver. Temperature sensor is used herein to compensate the adverse effect of low-skin-temperature on the PPG signal quality. The analog front-end circuit is implemented in the integrated chip with chip area of 2008 μm × 1377 μm and fabricated via TSMC T18 process. With the standard 1.8 V, the experimental result shows that the measured current sensing range is 20 nA-100 uA. The measured dynamic range of the designed readout circuit is 80 dB. The estimated signal to noise ratio is 60 dB@1 uA, and the measured input referred noise is 60.2 pA/Hz½. The total power consumption of the designed chip is 31.32 µW (readout) + 1.62 mW (OLED driver@100% duty cycle). The non-invasive PPG sensor is applied to the wrist artery of the 40 healthy subjects for sensing the pulsation of the blood vessel. The experimental results show that for every 1 °C decrease in mean ambient temperature tends to 0.06 beats/min, 0.125 mmHg and 0.063 mmHg increase in hear rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP), respectively. Similarly, for every 1 °C increase in mean ambient temperature tends to 0.13 beats/min, 0.601 mmHg and 0.121 mmHg increase in HR, SBP and DBP, respectively. The measured accuracy and standard error for the HR estimation are 96%, and - 0.022 ± 2.589 beats/minute, respectively. The oxygen stauration (SpO2) measurement results shows that the mean absolute percentage error is less than 5%. The resultant errors for the SBP and DBP measurement are - 0.318 ± 5.19 mmHg and - 0.5 ± 1.91 mmHg, respectively.

Dataset Information

A Low-Cost, Low-Power Water Velocity Sensor Utilizing Acoustic Doppler Measurement.

Publications

A Low-Cost, Low-Power Water Velocity Sensor Utilizing Acoustic Doppler Measurement.

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