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Serum neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2, and cellular immune responses 3 months after booster vaccination.
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ABSTRACT: Objectives
We investigated serum neutralizing activity against BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages, and T cell response before and 3 months after booster vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs).Methods
HCWs aged 18-65 years, vaccinated and boosted with the BNT162b2 vaccine were included. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels and cellular response (through IFNγ ELISpot assay) were evaluated in all participants, and neutralizing antibodies against Delta, BA.1 and BA.2 were evaluated in participants with at least one follow-up visit 1 or 3 months after the booster dose.Results
Among the 118 HCWs who received the booster dose, 102 and 84 participants attended the 1-month and 3-month visits, respectively. Before the booster vaccine dose, a low serum neutralizing activity against Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 was detectable in only n=39/102 (38.2%), n=8/102 (7.8%) and n=12/102 (11.8%) of the participants, respectively. At 3 months, neutralizing antibodies were detected in n=84/84 (100%), n=79/84 (94%) and n=77/84 (92%) against Delta, BA.1 and BA.2, respectively. Geometric mean titers (GMTs) of neutralizing antibodies against BA.1 and BA.2 were 2.2- and 2.8-fold reduced compared to Delta. From 1 to 3 months after the booster dose, participants with a recent history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=21/84) had persistent levels of S1 reactive specific T cells and of neutralizing antibodies against Delta and BA.2, and 2.2-fold increase in neutralizing antibodies against BA.1 (p= 0.014). Conversely, neutralizing antibody titers declined from 1 to 3 months after booster dose in individuals without any recent infection, against Delta (2.5-fold decrease, p<0.0001), BA.1 (1.5-fold, p=0.02) and BA.2 (2-fold, p<0.0001).Conclusions
The booster vaccine dose provided significant and similar response against BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages, but the immune response declines in the absence of recent infection.
SUBMITTER: Alidjinou EK
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9576208 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Serum neutralization of SARS coronavirus 2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 and cellular immune responses 3 months after booster vaccination.
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 20221017 2
<h4>Objectives</h4>We investigated serum neutralizing activity against BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages and T cell response before and 3 months after administration of the booster vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs).<h4>Methods</h4>HCWs aged 18-65 years who were vaccinated and received booster doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine were included. Anti-SARS coronavirus 2 IgG levels and cellular response (through interferon γ ELISpot assay) were evaluated in all participants, and neutralizing antibodies ...[more]