Project description:The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2 exhibit reduced lung cell infection relative to previously circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, which may account for their reduced pathogenicity. However, it is unclear whether lung cell infection by BA.5, which displaced these variants, remains attenuated. Here, we show that the spike (S) protein of BA.5 exhibits increased cleavage at the S1/S2 site and drives cell-cell fusion and lung cell entry with higher efficiency than its counterparts from BA.1 and BA.2. Increased lung cell entry depends on mutation H69Δ/V70Δ and is associated with efficient replication of BA.5 in cultured lung cells. Further, BA.5 replicates in the lungs of female Balb/c mice and the nasal cavity of female ferrets with much higher efficiency than BA.1. These results suggest that BA.5 has acquired the ability to efficiently infect lung cells, a prerequisite for causing severe disease, suggesting that evolution of Omicron subvariants can result in partial loss of attenuation.

| S-EPMC10262933 | biostudies-literature

First Imported Case of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariant BA.5 - Shanghai Municipality, China, May 13, 2022.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9433761 | biostudies-literature

An imported human case with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant BA.2.75 in Yunnan Province, China.

Project description:The Omicron variants spread rapidly worldwide after being initially detected in South Africa in November 2021. It showed increased transmissibility and immune evasion with far more amino acid mutations in the spike (S) protein than the previously circulating variants of concern (VOCs). Notably, on 15 July 2022, we monitored the first VOC / Omicron subvariant BA.2.75 in China from an imported case. Moreover, nowadays, this subvariant still is predominant in India. It has nine additional mutations in the S protein compared to BA.2, three of which (W152R, G446S, and R493Q reversion) might contribute to higher transmissibility and immune escape. This subvariant could cause wider spread and pose a threat to the global situation. Our timely reporting and continuous genomic analysis are essential to fully elucidate the characteristics of the subvariant BA.2.75 in the future.

| S-EPMC9613801 | biostudies-literature

Protection against Reinfection with the Omicron BA.2.75 Subvariant.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9878583 | biostudies-literature

Detection of the Omicron BA.2.75 subvariant in Japan.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9450472 | biostudies-literature

Neutralization of Omicron Subvariant BA.2.75 after Bivalent Vaccination.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9730935 | biostudies-literature

The Omicron BA.2.2.1 subvariant drove the wave of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Shanghai during spring 2022.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC9514698 | biostudies-literature

Humoral and cellular immune responses following Omicron BA.2.2 breakthrough infection and Omicron BA.5 reinfection.

Project description:The emergence of novel Omicron subvariants has raised concerns regarding the efficacy of immunity induced by prior Omicron subvariants breakthrough infection (BTI) or reinfection against current circulating Omicron subvariants. Here, we prospectively investigated the durability of antibody and T cell responses in individuals post Omicron BA.2.2 BTI, with or without subsequent Omicron BA.5 reinfection. Our findings reveal that the emerging Omicron subvariants, including CH.1.1, XBB, and JN.1, exhibit extensive immune evasion induced by previous infections. Notably, the level of IgG and neutralizing antibodies were found to correlate with subsequent Omicron BA.5 reinfection. Fortunately, T cell responses recognizing both Omicron BA.2 and CH.1.1 peptides were observed. Furthermore, Omicron BA.5 reinfection may alleviate immune imprinting induced by WT-vaccination, bolster virus-specific ICS+ T cell responses, and promote the phenotypic differentiation of virus-specific memory CD8+ T cells. Antigen-updated or T cell-conserved vaccines are needed to control the transmission of diverse emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

| S-EPMC11260851 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data