Insight into the Effect of Sulfonation Techniques on the Adsorption Properties of -SO₃H Surface-Functionalized Coal as Adsorbent for Malachite Green Dye: Steric and Energetic Investigation.

ABSTRACT: Natural coal (N.C) was sulfonated with sulfuric acid by normal stirring (MS.C) and sonication waves (SS.C) to obtain -SO₃H functionalized coal as enhanced adsorbents of malachite green dye (MG). The sulfonated products exhibit enhanced surface area (MS.C (27.2 m²/g) and SS.C (45.8 m²/g)) as compared to N.C. SS.C achieved higher acid density (14.2 mmol/g) and sulfur content (13.2 wt. %) as compared to MS.C. The impact of the sulfonation processes on the adsorption of MG was assessed based on the monolayer isotherm model of one energy. The MG Q _sat of N.C (121.3 mg/g), MS.C (226.3 mg/g), and SS.C (296.4 mg/g) validate the significant effect of the sulfonation processes by the sonication waves. This is in agreement with the active site densit

SUBMITTER: AlHammadi AA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9583338 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature