Dataset Information

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Tylenchorhynchus Clarus Allen, 1955 and T. Zeae Sethi & Swarup, 1968 (Rhabditida: Telotylenchidae) from Iraq.

ABSTRACT: During a survey on the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes in Misan province (southeast Iraq), Tylenchorhynchus clarus and T. zeae were discovered around the rhizosphere of sugarcane and pumpkin, respectively. The morphological and morphometric data were provided for the recovered species. The morphological characters of both populations are in agreement with the type populations and other populations of them. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of these two species from Iraq, and a first report of the association of T. zeae with pumpkin. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Iraqi populations of T. clarus and T. zeae using the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences using Bayesian inference (BI), showed they form maximally supported clades with other sequences of both species.

SUBMITTER: Jumaah AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9583416 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Tylenchorhynchus Clarus Allen, 1955 and T. Zeae Sethi & Swarup, 1968 (Rhabditida: Telotylenchidae) from Iraq.

Jumaah Ahmed Malik AM Azimi Sedighe S

Journal of nematology 20220201 1

During a survey on the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes in Misan province (southeast Iraq), Tylenchorhynchus clarus and T. zeae were discovered around the rhizosphere of sugarcane and pumpkin, respectively. The morphological and morphometric data were provided for the recovered species. The morphological characters of both populations are in agreement with the type populations and other populations of them. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of these tw ...[more]

PMID: 36338429

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Project description:BackgroundSteinernema feltiae is an entomopathogenic nematode used in biological control programs with a global distribution. Populations of this species show phenotypic plasticity derived from local adaptation and vary in different traits, such as location and host penetration. The aim of this work was to describe a Chilean isolate of this nematode species, using integrative approaches.MethodsNematode morphological and morphometric studies were conducted along with molecular analysis of nuclear genes. The symbiotic bacterium was also identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Some ecological characteristics were described, including the temperature requirements for the nematode life cycle and the effect of soil water content for optimal reproduction.ResultsMorphometric characterization revealed a large intra-specific variability. The isolate identity was also corroborated with the analysis of nuclear genes. Based on the 16S gene, its symbiont bacteria, Xenorhabdus bovienii, was identified. The lowest, optimal and highest temperatures found to limit the infestation and reproduction on Galleria mellonella were 10, 20 and 30 °C, respectively; the emergence from the host larvae occurred approximately 10 days after inoculation. Differences were observed in offspring, and 120 infective juveniles (IJ)/larva was the most prolific dose at 20 °C. The soil water content did not affect the number of IJ invaders, penetration efficacy and IJ emergence time or offspring per larva, but it caused a delay in achieving full mortality at the permanent wilting point with respect to saturation and field capacity.ConclusionsFor the first time, a Chilean isolate of S. feltiae is described in detail considering morphological, molecular and ecological aspects. The isolate was shown to be efficient in soil containing water, with optimal temperatures ranging from 15 to 25 °C for host infestation and production of an abundant offspring; these characteristics would allow its potential use as control agents in a wide geographical area of the country.

Project description:Two cultured populations of Acrobeloides saeedi are described from India. Morphologically and morphometrically this material agrees with other species of the Maximus-group (A. bodenheimeri, A. longiuterus, and A. maximus), especially with A. longiuterus. However, molecular studies based on 18 S, 28 S and ITS rDNA confirmed the Indian material is well differentiated from all of these species. According to this, A. saeedi is considered a valid taxon distinguished mainly from A. bodenheimeri by having dextral female reproductive system (vs sinistral), from A. longiuterus by having larger females (1.03-1.57 vs 0.57-0.88 mm) and from A. maximus by having seta-like labial processes (vs absent) and males as frequent as females (vs males very infrequent). Molecular and phylogenetic studies revealed the present specimens to be conspecific to undescribed Acrobeloides sp. population from Iran, and hence, both regarded to be conspecific to each other. In addition, other similar species are revised: Acrobeloides ishraqi is considered new junior synonym of A. saeedi, Acrobeloides mushtaqi is considered new junior synonym of A. bodenheimeri, while Acrobeloides gossypia is also considered junior synonym of A. saeedi.Two cultured populations of Acrobeloides saeedi are described from India. Morphologically and morphometrically this material agrees with other species of the Maximus-group (A. bodenheimeri, A. longiuterus, and A. maximus), especially with A. longiuterus. However, molecular studies based on 18 S, 28 S and ITS rDNA confirmed the Indian material is well differentiated from all of these species. According to this, A. saeedi is considered a valid taxon distinguished mainly from A. bodenheimeri by having dextral female reproductive system (vs sinistral), from A. longiuterus by having larger females (1.03-1.57 vs 0.57-0.88 mm) and from A. maximus by having seta-like labial processes (vs absent) and males as frequent as females (vs males very infrequent). Molecular and phylogenetic studies revealed the present specimens to be conspecific to undescribed Acrobeloides sp. population from Iran, and hence, both regarded to be conspecific to each other. In addition, other similar species are revised: Acrobeloides ishraqi is considered new junior synonym of A. saeedi, Acrobeloides mushtaqi is considered new junior synonym of A. bodenheimeri, while Acrobeloides gossypia is also considered junior synonym of A. saeedi.

Dataset Information

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Tylenchorhynchus Clarus Allen, 1955 and T. Zeae Sethi & Swarup, 1968 (Rhabditida: Telotylenchidae) from Iraq.

Publications

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of <i>Tylenchorhynchus Clarus</i> Allen, 1955 and <i>T. Zeae</i> Sethi & Swarup, 1968 (Rhabditida: Telotylenchidae) from Iraq.

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