Dataset Information

Using genomic profiling for understanding and improving response to smoking cessation treatment.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose of review

This review focuses on the implementation of genomic discoveries associated with smoking behaviors and smoking-related illnesses to improve prevention efforts and smoking cessation.

Recent findings

Large-scale studies have discovered genomic variation that contributes to smoking heaviness and smoking cessation. Variation in the α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit (CHRNA5) and the primary nicotine metabolizing gene (CYP2A6) strongly contribute to smoking behaviors, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The analytic and clinical validity of these genes is clearly established, and evidence of clinical utility for risk stratification is growing. Equity will be a critical issue facing the translation of genomic findings into improved health because the majority of genomic studies have been conducted in European ancestry populations.

Summary

Now is the time to increase the state of readiness for implementation of genomic profiling and we must address issues of increasing healthcare disparities that may arise with this new genomic technology.

SUBMITTER: Bierut LJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9586182 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Using genomic profiling for understanding and improving response to smoking cessation treatment.

Bierut Laura J LJ

Current epidemiology reports 20191017 4

<h4>Purpose of review</h4>This review focuses on the implementation of genomic discoveries associated with smoking behaviors and smoking-related illnesses to improve prevention efforts and smoking cessation.<h4>Recent findings</h4>Large-scale studies have discovered genomic variation that contributes to smoking heaviness and smoking cessation. Variation in the α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit (<i>CHRNA5</i>) and the primary nicotine metabolizing gene (<i>CYP2A6</i>) strongly contribut ...[more]

PMID: 36274783

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundWeb-based smoking cessation interventions can deliver evidence-based treatments to a wide swath of the population, but effectiveness is often limited by insufficient adherence to proven treatment components. This study evaluated the impact of a social network (SN) intervention and free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) on adherence to evidence-based components of smoking cessation treatment in the context of a Web-based intervention.MethodsA sample of adult U.S. smokers (N = 5290) was recruited via BecomeAnEX.org, a free smoking cessation Web site. Smokers were randomized to one of four arms: (1) an interactive, evidence-based smoking cessation Web site (WEB) alone; (2) WEB in conjunction with an SN intervention designed to integrate participants into the online community (WEB+SN); (3) WEB plus free NRT (WEB+NRT); and (4) the combination of all treatments (WEB+SN+NRT). Adherence outcomes assessed at 3-month follow-up were as follows: Web site utilization metrics, use of skills training components, intratreatment social support, and pharmacotherapy use.ResultsWEB+SN+NRT outperformed all others on Web site utilization metrics, use of practical counseling tools, intratreatment social support, and NRT use. It was the only intervention to promote the sending of private messages and the viewing of community pages over WEB alone. Both social network arms outperformed WEB on most metrics of online community engagement. Both NRT arms showed higher medication use compared to WEB alone.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the effectiveness of two approaches for improving adherence to evidence-based components of smoking cessation treatment. Integrated approaches to medication provision and social network engagement can enhance adherence to components known to improve cessation.ImplicationsThis study demonstrated that an integrated approach to medication provision and social network integration, when delivered through an online program, can enhance adherence across all three recommended components of an evidence-based smoking cessation program (skills training, social support, and pharmacotherapy use). Nicotine replacement therapy-when provided as part of an integrated program-increases adherence to other program elements, which in turn augment its own therapeutic effects. An explicit focus on approaches to improve treatment adherence is an important first step to identifying leverage points for optimizing intervention effectiveness.

Dataset Information

Using genomic profiling for understanding and improving response to smoking cessation treatment.

Purpose of review

Recent findings

Summary

Publications

Using genomic profiling for understanding and improving response to smoking cessation treatment.

Similar Datasets

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