Dataset Information

Clinical manifestations and associated factors in acquired hypoaldosteronism in endocrinological practice.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Hypoaldosteronism can be congenital or acquired, isolated or part of primary adrenal insufficiency, and caused by an aldosterone deficit, resistance, or a combination of both. Reduced mineralocorticoid action can induce a decrease in urine K+ and H+ excretion and an increase in urine Na+ excretion, leading to hyperkalemia, and/or hyponatremia, often combined with metabolic acidosis. We aimed to characterize the clinical manifestations of hypoaldosteronism, and their associated factors.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of 112 episodes of hypoaldosteronism diagnosed in 86 adult patients from 2012-2019 by the Endocrinology and Nutrition Department of a tertiary hospital. The frequency of hyperkalemia, hypovolemic hyponatremia (HH) and metabolic acidosis (MA), and their associated factors were evaluated.

Results

Patients had a median age of 77 [65 - 84], 55.4% were male. 94.6% cases showed hyperkalemia, 54.5% HH, and 60.3% MA. The mean serum K+ of all cases was 5.4 ± 0.5 mmol/L, Na+: 132.1 ± 6.3 mmol/L, HCO3: 22.6 ± 3.3 mmol/L. Hypoaldosteronism was isolated in the majority of cases: only 6/112 (5%) had primary adrenal insufficiency. Hypovolemia was associated with hyponatremia and a more florid clinical presentation. HH was associated with a combined presence of aldosterone-lowering and mineralocorticoid resistance factors. MA was associated with the presence of mineralocorticoid resistance factors.

Conclusions

Hypoaldosteronism in adult endocrinological clinical practice is primarily isolated, and acquired. It predisposes not only to the development of hyperkalemia and MA, but also to that of HH. Hypoaldosteronism must be considered in the differential diagnosis of HH with urinary sodium wasting.

SUBMITTER: Ruiz-Sanchez JG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9592828 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Clinical manifestations and associated factors in acquired hypoaldosteronism in endocrinological practice.

Ruiz-Sánchez Jorge Gabriel JG Calle-Pascual Alfonso Luis AL Rubio-Herrera Miguel Ángel MÁ De Miguel Novoa María Paz MP Gómez-Hoyos Emilia E Runkle Isabelle I

Frontiers in endocrinology 20221011

<h4>Introduction</h4>Hypoaldosteronism can be congenital or acquired, isolated or part of primary adrenal insufficiency, and caused by an aldosterone deficit, resistance, or a combination of both. Reduced mineralocorticoid action can induce a decrease in urine K+ and H+ excretion and an increase in urine Na+ excretion, leading to hyperkalemia, and/or hyponatremia, often combined with metabolic acidosis. We aimed to characterize the clinical manifestations of hypoaldosteronism, and their associat ...[more]

PMID: 36303866

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Dataset Information

Clinical manifestations and associated factors in acquired hypoaldosteronism in endocrinological practice.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Clinical manifestations and associated factors in acquired hypoaldosteronism in endocrinological practice.

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