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A Promising Use of Trimethyl Chitosan for Removing Microcystis aeruginosa in Water Treatment Processes.

ABSTRACT: The increase in cyanobacterial blooms linked to climate change and the eutrophication of water bodies is a global concern. The harmful cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa is one of the most common bloom-forming species whose removal from fresh water and, in particular, from that used for water treatment processes, remains a crucial goal. Different biodegradable and environmentally friendly coagulants/flocculants have been assayed, with chitosan showing a very good performance. However, chitosan in its original form is of limited applicability since it is only soluble in acid solution. The objective of this work was therefore to test the coagulant/flocculant capacity of trimethylchitosan (TMC), a chitosan derivative produced from residues of the fishing industry. TMC has a constitutively net positive charge enabling it to remain in solution regardless of the pH. Results show that even at alkaline pHs, common during cyanobacterial blooms, TMC is effective in removing buoyant cyanobacteria from the water column, both in test tube and Jar-Test experiments. Cell integrity was confirmed by fluorescent stain and electron microscopy. Our findings lead us to conclude that the use of TMC to remove bloom cells early in the treatment of drinking water is both feasible and promising.

SUBMITTER: Giannuzzi L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9610100 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A Promising Use of Trimethyl Chitosan for Removing <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> in Water Treatment Processes.

Giannuzzi Leda L Bacciadone Julián J Salerno Graciela L GL

Microorganisms 20221018 10

The increase in cyanobacterial blooms linked to climate change and the eutrophication of water bodies is a global concern. The harmful cyanobacterium <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> is one of the most common bloom-forming species whose removal from fresh water and, in particular, from that used for water treatment processes, remains a crucial goal. Different biodegradable and environmentally friendly coagulants/flocculants have been assayed, with chitosan showing a very good performance. However, ...[more]

PMID: 36296328

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Project description:Introduction: Toxic microcystins (MCs) produced by cyanoprokaryotes -particularly by the cosmopolitan cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa- pose adverse effects on aquatic organisms and their ecosystem and may also cause serious impacts on human health. These harmful monocyclic heptapeptides are the most prevalent cyanotoxins reported in freshwaters and must be eliminated for avoiding MCs release in receiving water bodies. Hence, this work aimed to test the efficacy of Moringa oleifera seeds water-based extract (MO) as a natural coagulant for removing cyanobacteria (especially M. aeruginosa), microalgae, and its associated MCs from pre-treated municipal wastewaters. Methodology: Four different MO coagulant doses (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg L-1) were investigated for cyanobacteria and microalgae removal by conventional coagulation assays and morphology-based taxonomy studies. Additionally, water turbidity and chlorophyll a (Chl a) content were also determined. Further, the presence and concentration of MCs soluble in water, remaining in the particulate fraction, and flocculated within the residual sludge were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Results: The treatment with MO at 100 mg L-1 substantially reduced the number of cyanobacterial and microalgal species in the treated samples (average removal rate of 93.8% and 86.9%, respectively). These results agreed with a ∼44% concomitant reduction in Chl a and ∼97% reduction in water turbidity (a surrogate marker for suspended solids content). Notably, MCs concentrations in the treated water were significantly lowered to 0.6 ± 0.1 µg L-1 after addition of 100 mg L-1 MO. This value is below the WHO recommended limits for MCs presence in drinking water (<1.0 µg L-1). Discussion: The present study provides promising insights into the applicability of MO as a cost-effective, reliable, and sustainable natural coagulant, particularly for using in developing countries, to eliminate harmful cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in municipal water treatment facilities.

Dataset Information

A Promising Use of Trimethyl Chitosan for Removing Microcystis aeruginosa in Water Treatment Processes.

Publications

A Promising Use of Trimethyl Chitosan for Removing <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> in Water Treatment Processes.

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