Dissipation of the proton electrochemical gradient in chloroplasts promotes the oxidation of ATP synthase by thioredoxin-like proteins.

ABSTRACT: Chloroplast F_oF₁-ATP synthase (CF_oCF₁) uses an electrochemical gradient of protons across the thylakoid membrane (ΔμH⁺) as an energy source in the ATP synthesis reaction. CF_oCF₁ activity is regulated by the redox state of a Cys pair on its central axis, that is, the γ subunit (CF₁-γ). When the ΔμH⁺ is formed by the photosynthetic electron transfer chain under light conditions, CF₁-γ is reduced by thioredoxin (Trx), and the entire CF_oCF₁ enzyme is activated. The redox regulation of CF_oCF₁ is a key mechanism underlying the control of ATP synthesis under light conditions. In contrast, the oxidative deactivation process involving CF_o

SUBMITTER: Sekiguchi T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9626944 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature