Natural history of human Monkeypox in individuals attending a sexual health clinic in Milan, Italy.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Moschese D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9628937 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Natural history of human Monkeypox in individuals attending a sexual health clinic in Milan, Italy.
Moschese Davide D Pozza Giacomo G Giacomelli Andrea A Mileto Davide D Cossu Maria Vittoria MV Beltrami Martina M Rizzo Alberto A Gismondo Maria Rita MR Rizzardini Giuliano G Antinori Spinello S
The Journal of infection 20220822 1
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Project description:Sexual health is an important, yet overlooked, aspect of quality of life for gynecologic oncologic patients. Although patients with gynecologic cancer frequently report sexual health concerns, there are limited efforts to address these problems. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between mental health and sexual health needs to be prioritized.To examine multiple components of sexual health in patients with gynecologic cancer.For the present study, sexual health concerns (ie, sexual frequency, desire, response, and satisfaction; orgasm; and pain during sex; independent variables), beliefs about cancer treatments affecting sexual health (dependent variable), and mental health (ie, anxiety and depressive symptoms; dependent variables) of patients at a US gynecologic oncology clinic were assessed.Demographics; cancer diagnosis; positive screening results for cancer; sexual health histories including sexual frequency, desire, pain, orgasm, responsiveness, and satisfaction; and mental health including depression and anxiety symptoms.Most women reported experiencing at least one sexual health concern, and half the women screened positive for experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Forty-nine percent of participants reported having no or very little sexual desire or interest in the past 6 months. Further, in mediation analyses, pain during sex was significantly and positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.42, P < .001), and this relationship was fully mediated by believing that cancer treatments affected one's sexual health (B = 0.16, 95% confidence interval = 0.01-0.48, P < .05).Findings emphasize the need to further address and incorporate sexual and mental health into standard care for patients attending gynecologic oncology clinics. Screening women for whether and to what extent they perceive cancer treatments affecting their sexual health could provide a brief, easily administrable, screener for sexual health concerns and the need for further intervention. Intervention development for patients with gynecologic cancer must include mental health components and addressing perceptions of how cancer treatments affect sexual health functioning. Eaton L, Kueck A, Maksut J, et al. Sexual Health, Mental Health, and Beliefs About Cancer Treatments Among Women Attending a Gynecologic Oncology Clinic. Sex Med 2017;5:e175-e183.
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Project description:The magnitude of the 2022 multi-country monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak has surpassed any preceding outbreak. It is unclear whether asymptomatic or otherwise undiagnosed infections are fuelling this epidemic. In this study, we aimed to assess whether undiagnosed infections occurred among men attending a Belgian sexual health clinic in May 2022. We retrospectively screened 224 samples collected for gonorrhea and chlamydia testing using an MPXV PCR assay and identified MPXV-DNA-positive samples from four men. At the time of sampling, one man had a painful rash, and three men had reported no symptoms. Upon clinical examination 21-37 days later, these three men were free of clinical signs, and they reported not having experienced any symptoms. Serology confirmed MPXV exposure in all three men, and MPXV was cultured from two cases. These findings show that certain cases of monkeypox remain undiagnosed and suggest that testing and quarantining of individuals reporting symptoms may not suffice to contain the outbreak.
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Project description:Although nuanced parameterization of sexual behavior may improve estimates from mathematical models of human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted infection transmission, prospective estimates of the incidence of specific sexual behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) are limited. From December 2014 to July 2018, MSM with and without nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) completed weekly diaries over 3-12 weeks. Incidence rates of any sex, receptive anal sex, insertive anal sex, insertive oral sex, receptive rimming, and receptive hand-penile contact were 1.19, 0.28, 0.66, 0.90, 0.24, and 0.85 episodes per person-week, respectively, among 104 MSM with NGU at baseline, and 1.33, 0.54, 0.32, 0.95, 0.44, and 0.88 episodes per person-week, respectively, among 25 MSM without NGU at baseline. Most receptive anal sex (NGU + 83%, NGU - 86%) and insertive anal sex (NGU + 85%, NGU - 76%) episodes were condomless. MSM engaged in sex just over once per week, and condom use was infrequent. Insertive oral sex and receptive hand-penile contact were the most common behaviors.
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Project description:BackgroundThere are limited studies on blocking and men who have sex with men (MSM) health outcomes. We need such data in China, to better understand the relationship between Chinese MSM gay app use and health outcomes, thus providing insight on risky sexual behaviors and HIV transmission among Chinese MSM - one of the world's largest MSM communities. Blocking someone is when users select a function on an app to prevent another user from contacting them and being blocked is when someone is prevented from contacting another user. We studied the correlates of blocking on the world's largest gay dating app among Chinese MSM (N = 208).MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey as part of an HIV testing intervention in Guangzhou, China, May-December 2019. Using logistic regression models, we estimated the correlates of blocking (e.g. sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behavior, HIV testing history, social network data).ResultsMSM had a mean age of 27.9 years (SD = 7.1) and median of one sexual partner in the last 3 months. About 62% had blocked someone in their lifetime and 46% had been blocked in their lifetime. Each additional male partner was associated with an 87% (aOR = 1.87, 95%CI = 1.03, 3.40) increased chance of being blocked. Reporting a versatile sexual role was related with a 90% (aOR = 0.10, 95%CI = 0.02, 0.45) decreased likelihood of blocking behavior and an 86% (aOR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.04, 0.46) reduced chance of being blocked.ConclusionsNumber of male partners may be associated with blocking behavior, with implications for the design of online sexual health interventions.
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Project description:Sex practices among heterosexuals are not well studied. We aimed to explore sexual practices among heterosexuals attending a sexual health clinic. This cross-sectional survey was conducted at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between March and April 2019. Data were collected on kissing, oral sex (fellatio or cunnilingus), vaginal sex, anal sex and rimming in the previous 3 months. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between engaging in anal sex and other sex practices. There were 709 participants (333 men; 376 women) who were eligible and completed the survey (response rate was 24.6%). In the past 3 months, most participants had had vaginal sex (n = 677; 95.5%), with a mean of 3.0 (standard deviation (SD): 3.9) vaginal sex partners, and half reported engaging in condomless vaginal sex in the past 3 months (n = 358; 50.1%). A total of 135 (19.0%) participants had had anal sex, with a mean of 1.3 (SD: 1.0) anal sex partners, with 63.5% (n = 94) engaging in any condomless anal sex in the past 3 months. Most participants (n = 637, 89.8%) had received oral sex in the past 3 months; this proportion did not differ by age group or gender. Women (n = 351, 93.4%) were more likely to perform oral sex than men (n = 275; 82.6% men) (p < 0.001) and to have received rimming (26.6% women vs. 12.6% men; p < 0.001). Men were more likely to have performed rimming (25.5% men vs. 9.3% women; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, number of partners and sexual practice, anal sex was associated with being ≥35 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2-4.2), receiving rimming (aOR: 3.8; 95% CI: 2.4-6.0) and performing rimming (aOR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.8-4.6). Rimming and anal sex are practiced by one-fifth or more of heterosexuals. Older heterosexuals were more likely to engage in anal sex and to perform rimming. Future research should consider the benefits of testing extragenital sites where appropriate.
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Project description:Our aim was to gain a better understanding of the knowledge about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and attitudes toward the HPV vaccine among men at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI). A self-administered questionnaire was completed by attendees of the largest STI Center in Rome, Italy, from April to June 2013. Determinants of vaccine acceptability were investigated using a Structured Equation Model. A total of 423 males participated in the survey: 296 (70.0%) men who have sex with men (MSM) and 127 (30.0%) men who have sex with women (MSW). Only one half of the participants knew that HPV is the cause of genital warts (56.9% of MSM vs. 49.5% of MSW, p=0.28). Even less were aware that HPV causes cancer in men (37.2% vs. 27.3%, p=0.08). MSW were more likely to indicate HPV as a cause of cervical cancer (80.8% vs. 69.3%, p=0.03) and to have heard about the vaccine (58.3 vs. 43.6%, p=0.01). Moreover, 72.1% of MSM and 70.3% of MSW were willing to be vaccinated. A rise of one-unit in the HPV awareness score increased the OR of vaccine acceptability among MSM by 25% (OR 1.25, 95%CI: 1.05-1.49; p=0.013). Differently, only attitudes had a relevant effect on willingness to be vaccinated among MSW (OR 3.32, 95%CI: 1.53-7.17; p=0.002). Efforts should be made to maximize awareness of HPV, especially as a causative agent of genital warts and male cancers, and to reinforce positive attitudes toward vaccination among men visiting STI centers.
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Project description:IntroductionSeveral studies have shown that sexuality is an important aspect of life. Nevertheless, sexual matters are only rarely discussed between patients and doctors. Other studies have suggested that women undergoing fertility treatment compose a group of patients with low satisfaction in their sexual life.AimTo investigate how women at a fertility clinic desire and experience communication about sexual matters with doctors and to investigate the sexual function of these women.MethodsA cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire survey of women attending a Danish fertility clinic over 4 months was performed. Descriptive statistics were calculated and presented as frequencies.Main outcome measureCommunication about sexual matters with doctors included the women's comfort, preferred and actual frequency of discussion, and initiation of the conversation. Sexual function included participants' sexuality during the past year including certain sexual difficulties.ResultsOf the 201 participating women in the survey, most felt comfortable discussing sexual matters with doctors and preferred gynecologists for such discussions. There was a greater desire for communication than what was actually experienced by the women, and most wanted to initiate the conversation themselves. The women were less satisfied with their sexual life compared with a national control group, and they experienced sexual difficulties more often.ConclusionThere is an unmet desire of women in fertility treatment for discussing sexual matters, and greater communication on this subject needs to be clinically implemented. Eldridge KE, Giraldi A. Communication About Sexual Matters With Women Attending a Danish Fertility Clinic. A Descriptive Study. Sex Med 2017;5:e196-e202.
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Project description:IntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for HIV infection and the incidence in men who have sex with men (MSM). It is important to identify subgroups of MSM in which preventive interventions such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offered at the time of their last negative test would be considered cost-effective.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of MSM attending Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) during 2007-2013 with at least two HIV tests within 12 months of each other. Demographic characteristics, sexual and other behaviours, and bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnoses were extracted from the date of the last negative HIV test. HIV incidence rate (IR) per 100 person-years for each risk factor was calculated.ResultsOf the 13907 MSM who attended MSHC, 5256 MSM had at least two HIV tests and were eligible, contributing 6391 person-years follow-up. 81 new HIV diagnoses were identified within 12 months of an HIV negative test with an incidence of 1.3 (95% CI: 1.0-1.6) per 100 person-years. Significant associations with subsequent HIV infection were: rectal gonorrhea (HIV IR: 3.4 95% CI: 2.1-5.2), rectal chlamydia (HIV IR: 2.6 95% CI: 1.7-3.7), inconsistent condom use (HIV IR: 2.1 95% CI: 1.6-2.7), use of post-exposure prophylaxis (HIV IR: 2.3 95% CI: 1.7-3.1), and injecting drug use (HIV IR: 8.5 95% CI: 3.4-17.5).ConclusionThe incidence of HIV was above 2.0% in subgroups of MSM with specific characteristics at the last HIV negative test. PrEP is considered cost effective at this incidence and could potentially be used along with other preventive interventions for these individuals in more than half of the population.
| S-EPMC4878753 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Scientific evidence indicates that genetic factors may contribute to differences in lung cancer risk for individuals with similar levels of tobacco exposure, which is the main environmental risk factor of lung cancer. Moreover, lung cancer patients show large differences in clinical staging and survival; these differences seem to be attributable, at least partially, to the genetic background. The analysis of the molecular properties (e.g., germline variations and genome-wide expression levels) of non-involved tissue from lung cancer patients may contribute in the identification of genetic factors involved in the development and progression of this pathology. To this aim, we analyzed two series (discovery series, n = 204, and validation series, n = 78) of non-tumor lung tissue samples from smokers that underwent surgical lobectomy for adenocarcinoma in Milan, Italy. First, we examined the whole transcriptome of these two series to define the candidate genes and pathways associated with either lung cancer risk or prognosis in this cohort. Moreover, as sex and age are known to strongly influence the pathophysiology of human lungs, we used transcriptome data from the same samples to identify sex- and age-related transcriptional differences in lung.
2016-01-20 | GSE71181 | GEO