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Canonical strigolactones are not the major determinant of tillering but important rhizospheric signals in rice.

ABSTRACT: Strigolactones (SLs) are a plant hormone inhibiting shoot branching/tillering and a rhizospheric, chemical signal that triggers seed germination of the noxious root parasitic plant Striga and mediates symbiosis with beneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Identifying specific roles of canonical and noncanonical SLs, the two SL subfamilies, is important for developing Striga-resistant cereals and for engineering plant architecture. Here, we report that rice mutants lacking canonical SLs do not show the shoot phenotypes known for SL-deficient plants, exhibiting only a delay in establishing arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, but release exudates with a significantly decreased Striga seed-germinating activity. Blocking the biosynthesis of canonical SLs by TIS108, a specific enzyme inhibitor, significantly lowered Striga infestation without affecting rice growth. These results indicate that canonical SLs are not the determinant of shoot architecture and pave the way for increasing crop resistance by gene editing or chemical treatment.

SUBMITTER: Ito S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9629705 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Canonical strigolactones are not the major determinant of tillering but important rhizospheric signals in rice.

Ito Shinsaku S Braguy Justine J Wang Jian You JY Yoda Akiyoshi A Fiorilli Valentina V Takahashi Ikuo I Jamil Muhammad M Felemban Abrar A Miyazaki Sho S Mazzarella Teresa T Chen Guan-Ting Erica GE Shinozawa Akihisa A Balakrishna Aparna A Berqdar Lamis L Rajan Chakravarthy C Ali Shawkat S Haider Imran I Sasaki Yasuyuki Y Yajima Shunsuke S Akiyama Kohki K Lanfranco Luisa L Zurbriggen Matias D MD Nomura Takahito T Asami Tadao T Al-Babili Salim S

Science advances 20221102 44

Strigolactones (SLs) are a plant hormone inhibiting shoot branching/tillering and a rhizospheric, chemical signal that triggers seed germination of the noxious root parasitic plant <i>Striga</i> and mediates symbiosis with beneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Identifying specific roles of canonical and noncanonical SLs, the two SL subfamilies, is important for developing <i>Striga</i>-resistant cereals and for engineering plant architecture. Here, we report that rice mutants lacking canonica ...[more]

PMID: 36322663

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Project description:BackgroundThe natural interactions between plant roots and their rhizospheric microbiome are vital to plant fitness, modulating both growth promotion and disease suppression. In rice (Oryza sativa), a globally important food crop, as much as 30% of yields are lost due to blast disease caused by fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Capitalizing on the abilities of naturally occurring rice soil bacteria to reduce M. oryzae infections could provide a sustainable solution to reduce the amount of crops lost to blast disease.ResultsNaturally occurring root-associated rhizospheric bacteria were isolated from California field grown rice plants (M-104), eleven of which were taxonomically identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis. Bacterial isolates were tested for biocontrol activity against the devastating foliar rice fungal pathogen, M. oryzae pathovar 70-15. In vitro, a Pseudomonas isolate, EA105, displayed antibiosis through reducing appressoria formation by nearly 90% as well as directly inhibiting fungal growth by 76%. Although hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is a volatile commonly produced by biocontrol pseudomonads, the activity of EA105 seems to be independent of its HCN production. During in planta experiments, EA105 reduced the number of blast lesions formed by 33% and Pantoea agglomerans isolate, EA106 by 46%. Our data also show both EA105 and EA106 trigger jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) dependent induced systemic resistance (ISR) response in rice.ConclusionsOut of 11 bacteria isolated from rice soil, pseudomonad EA105 most effectively inhibited the growth and appressoria formation of M. oryzae through a mechanism that is independent of cyanide production. In addition to direct antagonism, EA105 also appears to trigger ISR in rice plants through a mechanism that is dependent on JA and ET signaling, ultimately resulting in fewer blast lesions. The application of native bacteria as biocontrol agents in combination with current disease protection strategies could aid in global food security.

Dataset Information

Canonical strigolactones are not the major determinant of tillering but important rhizospheric signals in rice.

Publications

Canonical strigolactones are not the major determinant of tillering but important rhizospheric signals in rice.

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