Is high-flow nasal cannula better for children with bronchiolitis?
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Feng Q
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9636447 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Is high-flow nasal cannula better for children with bronchiolitis?
Feng Qingbo Q Feng Xuping X Liao Wenwei W Li Jiaxin J
Translational pediatrics 20221001 10
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10788136 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionHeated high-flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) therapy for bronchiolitis has become increasingly prevalent without evidence that this therapy impacts patient outcomes. Lack of criteria for appropriate use may lead to overutilization, resulting in increased costs without patient benefit. Our primary aim was to decrease use of HHFNC in patients with bronchiolitis over one season.MethodsPatients with Bronchiolitis younger than 2 years of age admitted to the Hospital Medicine Service were included in this study. Using the model for improvement framework, we identified key drivers for HHFNC overuse and revised our bronchiolitis protocol to include low-flow nasal cannula trials before HHFNC initiation. We compared preintervention HHFNC utilization (December 2018-April 2019) with postintervention HFNC utilization (December 2019-March 2020).ResultsOne hundred ninety patients met inclusion criteria, 98 of them in the preintervention cohort and 92 in the postintervention cohort. Overall, the median age was 9 months and 65% of patients were male. Our HHFNC utilization rate decreased from 62% (61/98) to 43% (40/92) in the postintervention period. Our SPC analysis suggested special cause variation based on 7 points below the preintervention mean.ConclusionsThis QI intervention implementing a specified low-flow nasal cannula trial before the initiation of HHFNC shows promise in reducing overall HHFNC use. Future studies should focus on clear initiation and discontinuation criteria for HHFNC use in bronchiolitis.
| S-EPMC8225359 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo assess a comparative analysis of the ROX index, Wood-Downes-Ferrés score (WDF), p-ROXI, and the SpO2/FiO2 ratio as predictors of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) failure in children hospitalized for bronchiolitis.MethodsData were extracted from the clinical trial "Comparison between HFNC and NIV in children with acute respiratory failure caused by bronchiolitis" conducted at a tertiary Brazilian hospital (Emergency Department and PICU). The inclusion criteria were children under 2 years of age admitted for bronchiolitis who developed mild to moderate respiratory distress and were eligible for HFNC therapy. Performance was determined by ROC and AUC metrics to define the best sensitivity and specificity for each variable. Children were evaluated at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h after HFNC therapy initiation.ResultsA total of 126 patients were recruited for this analysis. The median age was 3 months. Ninety-one percent of the patients had an identified viral agent, with RSV being the most common (65%). Twenty-three percent (29/126) of patients experienced failed HFNC therapy and required mechanical ventilation. The best cutoff points at 12 hours were 4.5 for WDF (AUC = 0.83, 0.74-0.92), 8.8 for ROX (AUC = 0.7, 0.54-0.84), 1.45 for p-ROXI (AUC = 0.56, 0.38-0-74), and 269 for SpO2/FiO2 (AUC = 0.64, 0.48-0.74). The scores and indices were also correlated with the PICU and hospital LOS.ConclusionsThe ROX index and WDF were the most accurate scores for assessing HFNC failure considering 12-hour cutoff points.Trial registration numberU1111-1262-1740; RBR-104z966s. Date of registration: 03/01/2023.
| S-EPMC11581261 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionHigh-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a non-invasive form of respiratory support used increasingly in bronchiolitis. HFNC provides a variable amount of positive pressure similar to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The positive pressure in CPAP can distend and loosen oesophageal sphincter pressure leading to increased reflux. It is unclear if HFNC causes a similar action. Feeding tubes are used to provide nutrition and hydration to patients that are unable to safely take oral feedings. If there is increased reflux from HFNC, this would increase the risk of aspiration. Our institution places nasoduodenal tubes (NDT) to eliminate this risk. The purpose of the study is to infer if there is a difference between NDT and nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding with regard to length of respiratory support, number of emesis, number of chest X-rays and readmission/emergency room revisit rates.Methods and analysisPatients with bronchiolitis, on high-flow nasal cannula, and whose primary physicians have decided on feeding tube for nutrition/hydration will be approached for consent and enrolment. Patients will be randomised to NGT or NDT in variable block sizes and stratified into low- and high-risk groups. Outcomes will be analysed by both a frequentist and Bayesian statistical approach.Ethics and disseminationThe trial was approved by local institutional review board. Every attempt will be made to reduce to an absolute minimum the interval between completion of data collection and release of study results through appropriate dissemination mediums including abstracts, poster presentations and journal publications.Trial registration numberNCT03346850; Pre-results.
| S-EPMC6502037 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC9636453 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceMost children's hospitals have adopted weight-based high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) bronchiolitis protocols for use outside of the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Whether these protocols are achieving their goal of reducing bronchiolitis-related ICU admissions remains unknown.ObjectiveTo measure the association between hospital transition to weight-based non-ICU HFNC use and subsequent ICU admission.Design, setting, and participantsThis multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted with a controlled interrupted time series approach and involved 18 children's hospitals that contribute data to the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. The cohort included patients aged 0 to 24 months who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2021. Data were analyzed from July 2023 to January 2024.ExposureHospital-level transition from ICU-only to weight-based non-ICU protocol for HFNC use. Data for the ICU-only group were obtained from a previously published survey.Main outcomes and measuresProportion of patients with bronchiolitis admitted to the ICU.ResultsA total of 86 046 patients with bronchiolitis received care from 10 hospitals in the ICU-only group (n = 47 336; 27 850 males [58.8%]; mean [SD] age, 7.6 [6.2] years) and 8 hospitals in the weight-based protocol group (n = 38 710; 22 845 males [59.0%]; mean [SD] age, 7.7 [6.3] years). Mean age and sex were similar for patients between the 2 groups. Hospitals in the ICU-only group vs the weight-based protocol group had higher proportions of Black (26.2% vs 19.8%) and non-Hispanic (81.6% vs 63.8%) patients and patients with governmental insurance (68.1% vs 65.9%). Hospital transition to a weight-based HFNC protocol was associated with a 6.1% (95% CI, 8.7%-3.4%) decrease per year in ICU admission and a 1.5% (95% CI, 2.8%-0.1%) reduction per year in noninvasive positive pressure ventilation use compared with the ICU-only group. No differences in mean length of stay or the proportion of patients who received invasive mechanical ventilation were found between groups.Conclusions and relevanceResults of this cohort study of hospitalized patients with bronchiolitis suggest that transition from ICU-only to weight-based non-ICU HFNC protocols is associated with reduced ICU admission rates.
| S-EPMC10949097 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objectivesHigh-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy for hospitalized children with bronchiolitis is associated with a longer length of stay (LOS) when used outside of the ICU. We sought to explore the association between HFNC and LOS to identify if demographic and clinical factors may modify the effect of HFNC usage on LOS.MethodsIn this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we used a combination of hospital records and the Pediatric Health Information System. We included encounters from September 1, 2018 to March 31, 2020 for patients <2 years old diagnosed with bronchiolitis. Multivariable Poisson regression was performed for the association of LOS with measured covariates, including fixed main effects and interaction terms between HFNC and other factors.ResultsOf 8060 included patients, 2179 (27.0%) received HFNC during admission. Age group, weight, complex chronic condition, initial tachypnea, initial desaturation, and ICU services were significantly associated with LOS. The effect of HFNC on LOS differed among hospitals (P < .001), with the estimated increase in LOS ranging from 32% to 139%. The effect of HFNC on LOS was modified by age group, initial desaturation, and ICU services, with 1- to 6-month-old infants, patients without initial desaturation, and patients without ICU services having the highest association between HFNC and LOS, respectively.ConclusionsWe identified multiple potential effect modifiers for the relationship between HFNC and LOS. The authors of future prospective studies should investigate the effect of HFNC usage on LOS in non-ICU patients without documented desaturation.
| S-EPMC10593863 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10764845 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Our objective was to evaluate the association of respiratory rate oxygenation index (ROX) with the need for positive pressure ventilation in children < 2 years of age with bronchiolitis on high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy. We performed a single-center prospective observational study of a convenience sample of children < 2 years of age with bronchiolitis who had HFNC initiated in the pediatric emergency department between November and March, 2018-2020. ROX was calculated as pulse oximetry/FiO2/respiratory rate at HFNC initiation. Demographics, need for positive pressure ventilation (PPV), disposition, and hospital length of stay were collected. Logistic regression model was used to determine the odds ratio for PPV need relative to the highest ROX quartile. Of the 373 patients included, 49 (13.1%) required PPV. ROX was lower in patients who required PPV compared with those who did not (5.86 [4.71-7.42] vs. 6.74 [5.46-8.25]; p = 0.01). Logistic regression revealed that those patients whose ROX was in the lowest quartile (< 5.39) were three times more likely to require PPV compared to those in the highest quartile (> 8.21). These results held true after adjusting for confounders (odds ratio 3.1; 95% CI [1.3 to 7.5]; p = 0.02). The model's AUROC (0.701) indicated acceptable discrimination between cases and controls.ConclusionLow ROX index was associated with the need for PPV in children with bronchiolitis on HFNC. The risk stratification provided and ROX threshold for risk stratification require confirmation in other populations with a larger sample size.What is known• Demographic and clinical factors associated with high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy in children with bronchiolitis has been studied.What is new• This is the first study to report the utility of association of Respiratory Rate Oxygenation (ROX) index for need for positive pressure ventilation (PPV) in children < 2 years of age with bronchiolitis on HFNC therapy. • ROX was lower in children who required PPV and children whose ROX was in the lowest quartile (< 5.39) were three times more likely to require PPV compared to those in the highest quartile (> 8.21).
| S-EPMC9525568 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionHigh-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy is being used in pediatric wards at increasing rates, including community hospitals that do not have a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This study describes the use of HFNC in a pediatric ward at a community hospital, evaluating safety, flow limits, and outcomes for children transferred to a PICU.MethodsA descriptive, single center retrospective cohort study of consecutive subjects from birth to 24 months of age treated with HFNC for bronchiolitis in our pediatric ward from January 2016 to May 2019. We report demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. The outcomes of interest include episodes of aspiration, pneumothorax, intubation, cardiorespiratory arrest, and transfers to the PICU.ResultsThere were 157 hospitalizations. One hundred twenty-three children (78.3%) were weaned off HFNC and discharged to home. Flow rates of up to 3 L/kg/min (average, 1.22 L/kg/min; range 0.28-3.08 L/kg/min) were tolerated. Of the 34 children transferred to the PICU, 29 were continued on HFNC, 1 required continuous positive airway pressure, and 4 were intubated. The median time from initiation of HFNC to transfer was 13 hours (interquartile range 6.0-23.0). There were no documented episodes of aspiration, pneumothorax, cardiorespiratory arrest, or death.ConclusionHFNC could be safely administered in a community hospital pediatric ward without PICU expertise and capability. Most patients who deteriorate on HFNC do so within the first 24 hours when close monitoring is needed. For children transferred to a PICU, the vast majority did not require more invasive forms of respiratory support.
| S-EPMC8784057 | biostudies-literature