Dataset Information

Antigen specific T cells in people with obesity at five months following ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccination.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objectives

People with obesity (PWO) face an increased risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19, including hospitalisation, ICU admission and death. Obesity has been seen to impair immune memory following vaccination against influenza, hepatitis B, tetanus, and rabies. Little is known regarding immune memory in PWO following COVID-19 adenovirus vector vaccination.

Subjects/methods

We investigated SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses in 50 subjects, five months following a two-dose primary course of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccination. We further divided our cohort into PWO (n = 30) and matched controls (n = 20). T cell (CD4⁺, CD8⁺) cytokine responses (IFNγ, TNFα) to SARS-CoV-2 spike peptide pools were determined using multicolour flow cytometry.

Results

Circulating T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 were readily detected across our cohort, with robust responses to spike peptide stimulation across both T cell lines. PWO and controls had comparable levels of both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ SARS-CoV-2 spike specific T cells. Polyfunctional T cells - associated with enhanced protection against viral infection - were detected at similar frequencies in both PWO and controls.

Conclusions

These data indicate that PWO who have completed a primary course of ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccination have robust, durable, and functional antigen specific T cell immunity that is comparable to that seen in people without obesity.

SUBMITTER: Kelly NEW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9643927 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Antigen specific T cells in people with obesity at five months following ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccination.

Kelly Neil E Wrigley NEW De Barra Conor C Shaamile Ferrah F Holland Aisling A Shaw Liam L Mallon Patrick W G PWG O'Connell Jean J Hogan Andrew E AE O'Shea Donal D

International journal of obesity (2005) 20221108 1

<h4>Background/objectives</h4>People with obesity (PWO) face an increased risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19, including hospitalisation, ICU admission and death. Obesity has been seen to impair immune memory following vaccination against influenza, hepatitis B, tetanus, and rabies. Little is known regarding immune memory in PWO following COVID-19 adenovirus vector vaccination.<h4>Subjects/methods</h4>We investigated SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses in 50 subjects, five months following a ...[more]

PMID: 36347936

Similar Datasets

Project description:Understanding immune memory to COVID-19 vaccines is critical for the design and optimal vaccination schedule for curbing the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we assessed the status of humoral and cellular immune responses at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after two-dose CoronaVac vaccination. A total of 150 participants were enrolled, and 136 of them completed the study through the 12-month endpoint. Our results show that, at 1 month after vaccination, both binding and neutralizing antibodies could be detected; the seropositive rate of binding antibodies and seroconversion rate of neutralizing antibodies were 99% and 50%, respectively. From 3 to 12 months, the binding and neutralizing antibodies declined over time. At 12 months, the binding and neutralizing antibodies were still detectable and significantly higher than the baseline. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) secretion specifically induced by the receptor-binding domain (RBD) persisted at high levels until 6 months and could be observed at 12 months, while the levels of IL-5 and granzyme B (GzmB) were hardly detected, demonstrating a Th1-biased response. In addition, specific CD4+ T central memory (TCM), CD4+ effector memory (TEM), CD8+ TEM, and CD8+ terminal effector (TE) cells were all detectable and functional up to 12 months after the second dose, as the cells produced IFN-γ, IL-2, and GzmB in response to stimulation of SARS-CoV-2 RBD. Our work provides evidence that CoronaVac induced not only detectable binding and neutralizing antibody responses, but also functional SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells for up to 12 months. IMPORTANCE CoronaVac is an inactivated vaccine containing whole-virion SARS-CoV-2, which has been approved in 43 countries for emergency use as of 26 November 2021. However, the long-term immune persistence of the CoronaVac vaccine is still unknown. Here, we reported the status of the persistence of antibodies and cellular responses within 12 months after two doses of CoronaVac. Such data are crucial to inform ongoing and future vaccination strategies to combat COVID-19.

Dataset Information

Antigen specific T cells in people with obesity at five months following ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccination.

Background/objectives

Subjects/methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Antigen specific T cells in people with obesity at five months following ChAdOx1 COVID-19 vaccination.

Similar Datasets

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