Dataset Information

High-temporal resolution profiling reveals distinct immune trajectories following the first and second doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.

ABSTRACT: Knowledge of the mechanisms underpinning the development of protective immunity conferred by mRNA vaccines is fragmentary. Here, we investigated responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination via high-temporal resolution blood transcriptome profiling. The first vaccine dose elicited modest interferon and adaptive immune responses, which peaked on days 2 and 5, respectively. The second vaccine dose, in contrast, elicited sharp day 1 interferon, inflammation, and erythroid cell responses, followed by a day 5 plasmablast response. Both post-first and post-second dose interferon signatures were associated with the subsequent development of antibody responses. Yet, we observed distinct interferon response patterns after each of the doses that may reflect quantitative or qualitative differences in interferon induction. Distinct interferon response phenotypes were also observed in patients with COVID-19 and were associated with severity and differences in duration of intensive care. Together, this study also highlights the benefits of adopting high-frequency sampling protocols in profiling vaccine-elicited immune responses.

SUBMITTER: Rinchai D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9651857 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

High-temporal resolution profiling reveals distinct immune trajectories following the first and second doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.

Rinchai Darawan D Deola Sara S Zoppoli Gabriele G Kabeer Basirudeen Syed Ahamed BSA Taleb Sara S Pavlovski Igor I Maacha Selma S Gentilcore Giusy G Toufiq Mohammed M Mathew Lisa L Liu Li L Vempalli Fazulur Rehaman FR Mubarak Ghada G Lorenz Stephan S Sivieri Irene I Cirmena Gabriella G Dentone Chiara C Cuccarolo Paola P Giacobbe Daniele Roberto DR Baldi Federico F Garbarino Alberto A Cigolini Benedetta B Cremonesi Paolo P Bedognetti Michele M Ballestrero Alberto A Bassetti Matteo M Hejblum Boris P BP Augustine Tracy T Van Panhuys Nicholas N Thiebaut Rodolphe R Branco Ricardo R Chew Tracey T Shojaei Maryam M Short Kirsty K Feng Carl G CG Zughaier Susu M SM De Maria Andrea A Tang Benjamin B Ait Hssain Ali A Bedognetti Davide D Grivel Jean-Charles JC Chaussabel Damien D

Science advances 20221111 45

Knowledge of the mechanisms underpinning the development of protective immunity conferred by mRNA vaccines is fragmentary. Here, we investigated responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination via high-temporal resolution blood transcriptome profiling. The first vaccine dose elicited modest interferon and adaptive immune responses, which peaked on days 2 and 5, respectively. The second vaccine dose, in contrast, elicited sharp day 1 interferon, inflammation, and erythroid cell ...[more]

PMID: 36367935

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a lower serologic response to vaccination compared to the general population. There is limited information regarding the serologic response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in the non-dialysis-dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) population, particularly after the third dose and whether this response varies by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).MethodsThe NDD-CKD (G1-G5) patients who received 3 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines were recruited from renal clinics within British Columbia and Ontario, Canada. Between August 27, 2021, and November 30, 2022, blood samples were collected serially for serological testing every 3 months within a 9-month follow-up period. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) anti-spike, anti-receptor binding domain (RBD), and anti-nucleocapsid protein (NP) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsAmong 285 NDD-CKD patients, the median age was 67 (interquartile range [IQR], 52-77) years, 58% were men, 48% received BNT162b2 as their third dose, 22% were on immunosuppressive treatment, and COVID-19 infection by anti-NP seropositivity was observed in 37 of 285 (13%) patients. Following the third dose, anti-spike and anti-RBD levels peaked at 2 months, with geometric mean levels at 1131 and 1672 binding antibody units per milliliter (BAU/mL), respectively, and seropositivity rates above 93% and 85%, respectively, over the 9-month follow-up period. There was no association between eGFR or urine albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) with mounting a robust antibody response or in antibody levels over time. The NDD-CKD patients on immunosuppressive treatment were less likely to mount a robust anti-spike response in univariable (odds ratio [OR] 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20, 0.93) and multivariable (OR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.25, 1.10) analyses. An interaction between age, immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels, and time was observed in both unadjusted (anti-spike: P = .005; anti-RBD: P = .03) and adjusted (anti-spike: P = .004; anti-RBD: P = .03) models, with older individuals having a more pronounced decline in antibody levels over time.ConclusionMost NDD-CKD patients were seropositive for anti-spike and anti-RBD after 3 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and we did not observe any differences in the antibody response by eGFR.

Dataset Information

High-temporal resolution profiling reveals distinct immune trajectories following the first and second doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.

Publications

High-temporal resolution profiling reveals distinct immune trajectories following the first and second doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets