Dataset Information

Incidence and 5-year survival of children and adolescents with hepatoblastoma in the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric primary malignant liver tumor, its incidence has been increasing worldwide, but recent changes in incidence and outcomes with high population coverage are not well characterized.

Methods

We defined the incidence of HB diagnosed during 2003-2017 from United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database, and survival during 2001-2016 from the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR). Data were stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, age, tumor stage, county population, and diagnosis year. Incidence trends were assessed by calculating average annual percent change (AAPC) using Joinpoint regression. Differences in overall 5-year survival were estimated using Cox regression analysis.

Results

2178 HB cases with an annual incidence rate of 1.76 per million persons were identified and incidence increased over time (AAPC = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9-3.6). The 5-year relative survival was 76.9% (95% CI: 74.9-78.8) and the risk of death was lower for cases diagnosed after 2009 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63-0.94), higher for ages 3-7 years and 8-19 years compared to 0-2 years (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.10-1.76 and 1.83, 95% CI: 1.31-2.70, respectively), for distant compared to locoregional stage (HR = 2.77, 95% CI: 2.27-3.36), and for non-Hispanic Black compared to non-Hispanic White cases (HR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.02-1.84).

Conclusions

HB incidence increased, and survival improved over the study period. Disparities in survival exist by age, race or ethnicity, and stage. Further studies could identify factors affecting increases in HB cases, inform future interventions, and address disparities in outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Kahla JA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9658228 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Incidence and 5-year survival of children and adolescents with hepatoblastoma in the United States.

Kahla Justin A JA Siegel David A DA Dai Shifan S Lupo Philip J PJ Foster Jennifer H JH Scheurer Michael E ME Heczey Andras A AA

Pediatric blood & cancer 20220519 10

<h4>Objective</h4>Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric primary malignant liver tumor, its incidence has been increasing worldwide, but recent changes in incidence and outcomes with high population coverage are not well characterized.<h4>Methods</h4>We defined the incidence of HB diagnosed during 2003-2017 from United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database, and survival during 2001-2016 from the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR). Data were stratified by sex, race/ethnicit ...[more]

PMID: 35591805

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Project description:BackgroundWilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric malignancy of the kidney. Past studies describing WT incidence and survival used surveillance data with < 30% of the US population. We evaluated differences in WT incidence and survival comparing demographic groups and tumor characteristics.MethodsWe analyzed new cases of WT among patients aged < 20 years at diagnosis by using incidence data from US Cancer Statistics (USCS) for 2003-2020 and 5-year relative survival (RS) data from the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) for 2001-2019. To assess incidence trends, average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated by using joinpoint regression. Relative survival (RS) and all-cause survival were calculated overall and by demographic and clinical variables.ResultsDuring 2003-2020, 8218 cases of WT were reported in USCS, which represented an age-adjusted incidence rate of 5.7 cases per million. Rates were the highest among females (6.3), children aged 0-4 years (17.2), and non-Hispanic Black patients (7.1). Overall, trends remained stable (AAPC = -0.4, 95% CI: -1.4 to 0.4). Among 7567 cases of WT in NPCR, 5-year RS was 92.6%. Patients with the lowest survival include the following: those aged 10-19 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.02-2.65); non-Hispanic Black patients (HR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.11-1.76); those with regional stage (HR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.47-2.54) or distant stage (HR = 5.12, 95% CI: 3.99-6.57); and patients from nonmetropolitan counties (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09-1.96). Individuals diagnosed during 2011-2019 (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.77) had higher survival than those diagnosed during 2001-2010.ConclusionsThe highest WT incidence rates were patients who were female, 0-4 years, and non-Hispanic Black. Survival improved during the study period; survival differed by race, ethnicity, metropolitan status, and age. Further studies to delineate the causes of these disparities may improve outcomes.

Project description:BackgroundThere is a global perception that psychotropic utilization in children and adolescents is increasing in the US.MethodsWe present prevalent estimates for all psychotropics prescribed in the US (using commercial claims from Medicare and Medicaid) to children and adolescents in 2004 (total population N = 6,808,453) and in 2014 (total population N = 11,082.260). Further we evaluated if there has been a statistically significant change in prevalence during this time period. Analyses were stratified for the 6 major drug classes, all individuals' psychotropics (87 drugs), age and sex.ResultsThe prevalence of psychotropic drug prescription was 8.55% in 2004 and 9.00% in 2014 (age stratified in 2004 and 2014 toddlers: 3.08 and 2.63%, children: 8.74 and 8.73%, adolescents: 10.89% and 12.11). The prevalence for each drug class in 2004 and 2014 was: stimulants/other ADHD drugs 5.0 and 5.8%; antidepressants 2.8 and 2.7%; anxiolytic-hypnotic-sedative 2.2 and 2.3%; mood stabilizers 0.1 and 0.1%; antipsychotics 1.3 and 1.1%; and for drugs treating drug dependence 0.02 and 0.02%.ConclusionsThe perception that psychotropic utilization in children and adolescents is increasing in the US, derived from the 2 to 3 fold increase seen from the mid 80's to the mid 90's is not valid anymore. There has been a slowdown in the increase of prescribing psychotropics. In the last 10 years, in toddlers there was a decrease in the prescription; in children there was no change; and in adolescents there was a slight increase. The prescription of antidepressants, antipsychotics and mood stabilizers has decreased overall. Graphical abstract In the last 10 years there has been a slowdown in the increase of prescribing psychotropics. In toddlers there was a decrease in the prescription (3.08 and 2.63%); in children (8.74 and 8.73%) there was no change; and in adolescents there was a slight increase (10.89% and 12.11). The prescription of antidepressants, antipsychotics and mood stabilizers has decreased overall.

Dataset Information

Incidence and 5-year survival of children and adolescents with hepatoblastoma in the United States.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Incidence and 5-year survival of children and adolescents with hepatoblastoma in the United States.

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