Dataset Information

New Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Studies on Sergentomyia schwetzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): A Suspected Vector of Leishmania infantum (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) in the Canine Leishmaniasis Focus of Mont-Rolland, Senegal.

ABSTRACT: Visceral leishmaniasis is not endemic in West Africa, but prevalence of canine leishmaniasis and seroprevalence of Leishmania infantum infection in humans are high in the Mont Rolland community (Thiès region, Senegal). Previous studies in this area showed that Sergentomyia schwetzi could be the potential vector of Le. infantum. To precisely describe the biology and population structure of this potential vector, we identified eight novel microsatellite loci to characterize Se. schwetzi populations. We tested these loci in Se. schwetzi populations from five locations at Mont Rolland (Thiès, Senegal). All the loci were polymorphic, with a mean of 17.25 alleles (observed heterozygosity: 0.455). We did not detect any evidence of scoring errors due to stuttering and large allele dropout. Moreover, several of these loci were also amplified in six other sand fly species (Sergentomyia magna, Sergentomyia dubia, Sergentomyia minuta, Phlebotomus duboscqi, Phlebotomus perniciosus, and Phlebotomus ariasi). These preliminary results demonstrate the utility of these microsatellite markers for Se. schwetzi (and for the other sand fly species) population genetic studies.

SUBMITTER: Prudhomme J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9667725 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

New Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Studies on Sergentomyia schwetzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): A Suspected Vector of Leishmania infantum (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) in the Canine Leishmaniasis Focus of Mont-Rolland, Senegal.

Prudhomme Jorian J Mazza Thomas T Hagen Sophie S Cassan Cécile C Toty Céline C Senghor Massila Wagué MW Niang Abdoul Aziz AA Faye Babacar B Bañuls Anne-Laure AL

Journal of medical entomology 20221101 6

Visceral leishmaniasis is not endemic in West Africa, but prevalence of canine leishmaniasis and seroprevalence of Leishmania infantum infection in humans are high in the Mont Rolland community (Thiès region, Senegal). Previous studies in this area showed that Sergentomyia schwetzi could be the potential vector of Le. infantum. To precisely describe the biology and population structure of this potential vector, we identified eight novel microsatellite loci to characterize Se. schwetzi population ...[more]

PMID: 35980597

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Project description:Leishmania (L.) infantum is the causative agent in an endemic focus of canine leishmaniasis in the Mont-Rolland district (Thiès, Senegal). In this area, the transmission cycle is well established and more than 30% of dogs and 20% of humans are seropositive for L. infantum. However, the sand fly species involved in L. infantum transmission cycle are still unknown. Between 2007 and 2010, 3654 sand flies were collected from different environments (indoor, peridomestic, farming and sylvatic areas) to identify the main L. infantum vector(s). Nine sand fly species were identified. The Phlebotomus genus (n = 54 specimens; Phlebotomus (Ph) duboscqi and Phlebotomus (Ph). rodhaini) was markedly under-represented in comparison to the Sergentomyia genus (n = 3600 specimens; Sergentomyia (Se) adleri, Se. clydei, Se. antennata, Se. buxtoni, Se. dubia, Se. schwetzi and Se. magna). Se. dubia and Se. schwetzi were the dominant species indoor and in peridomestic environments, near humans and dogs. Blood-meal analysis indicated their anthropophilic behavior. Some Se. schwetzi specimens fed also on dogs. The dissection of females in the field allowed isolating L. infantum from sand flies of the Sergentomyia genus (0.4% of Se. dubia and 0.79% of Se. schwetzi females). It is worth noting that one Se. dubia female not engorged and not gravid revealed highly motile metacyclic of L. infantum in the anterior part of the midgut. PCR-based diagnosis and sequencing targeting Leishmania kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) highlighted a high rate of L. infantum-positive females (5.38% of Se. dubia, 4.19% of Se. schwetzi and 3.64% of Se. magna). More than 2% of these positive females were unfed, suggesting the parasite survival after blood-meal digestion or egg laying. L. infantum prevalence in Se. schwetzi was associated with its seroprevalence in dogs and humans and L. infantum prevalence in Se. dubia was associated with its seroprevalence in humans. These evidences altogether strongly suggest that species of the Sergentomyia genus are probably the vectors of canine leishmaniasis in the Mont-Rolland area and challenge one more time the dogma that in the Old World, leishmaniasis is exclusively transmitted by species of the Phlebotomus genus.

Project description:BackgroundIn a countrywide study aiming to update the knowledge on diversity of sand fly species in Romania, a sand fly population was observed in an isolated system of cave microhabitats. The caves are located in the protected area of Canaraua Fetii, Dobrogea region, southeastern Romania. The highest sand fly diversity was recorded in this area between 1968 and 1970. This work presents a study conducted to estimate the seasonal variation of the sand fly species in correlation with the particular environmental factors of the isolated system of cave microhabitats.MethodsSand flies were collected between May and October 2020 from one trapping site of interest in Canaraua Fetii. The trapping site consisted of a cave entrance. CDC miniature light traps and sticky traps were used to collect insects from the exterior walls of the cave entrance. Species identification of collected sand flies was done using morphological keys. Statistical analysis of the trapping and climatic data was performed.ResultsFrom all collected sand flies, 99.7% (818/822) were Phlebotomus neglectus, 0.1% (1/822) Ph. balcanicus and 0.2% (2/822) Sergentomyia minuta. Sand fly activity was first observed on 2 July and last on 24 September. A monomodal abundance trend was present, with the peak activity between 16 and 17 July. The analysis of the climatic data showed correlations between the total number of captured sand flies and both average temperature and average relative humidity. The total number of collected specimens was statistically higher when CDC miniature light traps were used compared to sticky traps. The number of females on the sticky traps was significantly higher than the number of males on the same trap type. Compared with the sticky traps, significantly more males were collected by CDC miniature light traps. This is the first record of Se. minuta in Romania after 50 years of no records (despite the trapping effort of the last 5 years in the country). Also, Ph. sergenti, previously present in this location, was not found.ConclusionsIn the investigated natural habitat, the diversity of the sand fly species appears to have changed, with the predominance of Ph. neglectus instead of Ph. balcanicus and Se. minuta (recorded as the two predominant species in 1968-1970). A monomodal abundance trend was observed as in other regions of the country. The sand fly activity in this particular cave microhabitat appears to be longer than in other regions in Romania. Longer sand fly activity increases the zoonotic risk of various pathogenic species' transmission, with an impact on public health, as sand flies are important insect vectors.

Dataset Information

New Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Studies on Sergentomyia schwetzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): A Suspected Vector of Leishmania infantum (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) in the Canine Leishmaniasis Focus of Mont-Rolland, Senegal.

Publications

New Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Studies on Sergentomyia schwetzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): A Suspected Vector of Leishmania infantum (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) in the Canine Leishmaniasis Focus of Mont-Rolland, Senegal.

Similar Datasets

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