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Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020, in Gabon.

ABSTRACT: Background After the first cases of coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China in January 2020, the epidemic spread around the world. Few data are available from Central Africa. We conducted a study to monitor this emerging disease in Gabon, a Central Africa country. Methods In order to set up an epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 in Gabon, we led molecular investigations on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples from the 1161 first suspected cases of COVID-19. A Reverse Ttranscriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using primers and probes targeted the E gene and polymerase gene according to the kit Tib-Molbiol. Results We diagnosed the first case of COVID-19 on March, 12 2020. Among those suspected cases, 83 were confirmed cases. There was no significant difference in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 between age groups (p = 0.14). Seventy-three percent were asymptomatic. The viral loads were significantly higher in the nasopharyngeal samples than in the oropharyngeal samples (p=0.03). There was no significant difference in viral loads between age groups (p=0.9895) and no correlation between clinical symptoms and viral loads (p=0.06042). Conclusion In conclusion, this study provides the first molecular data from Gabon concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. The data showed that most of the infected people were asymptomatic. The viral load was higher in the nasopharyngeal samples.

SUBMITTER: Lekana-Douki SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9672532 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020, in Gabon.

Lekana-Douki Sonia Etenna SE N'dilimabaka Nadine N Mbongo-Kama Elvire E Kandet Yattara Marisca M Mintsa Ndong Armel A Ngonga Dikongo Audrey Michel AM Andeko Julia Cyrielle JC Zong Minko Ornella O Koumba Mavoungou Danielle Styvie DS Diane Abdoulaye A Mabika Mabika Arsene A Ndong Mebaley Telstar T Ndjangangoye Nal Kennedy NK Banga Mve-Ella Octavie O Bohou Kombila Linda L Mangombi Pambou Joa Braithe JB Engone Ondo Jeordy Dimitri JD Maganga Gael Darren GD Lekana-Douki Jean-Bernard JB

F1000Research 20220217

Background After the first cases of coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China in January 2020, the epidemic spread around the world. Few data are available from Central Africa. We conducted a study to monitor this emerging disease in Gabon, a Central Africa country. Methods In order to set up an epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 in Gabon, we led molecular investigations on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples from the 1161 first suspected cases of COVID-19. A Reverse Ttranscripta ...[more]

PMID: 36451659

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Project description:BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy has been linked to preterm birth, but this association is not well understood.ObjectivesTo examine the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and spontaneous and provider-initiated preterm birth (PTB), and how timing of infection, and race/ethnicity as a marker of structural inequality, may modify this association.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among pregnant people who delivered singleton, liveborn infants (22-44 weeks gestation) from 1 March 2020 to 31 March 2021 (n = 68,288). We used Cox proportional hazards models to compare the hazard of PTB between pregnant people with and without laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. We evaluated this association according to the trimester of infection, timing from infection to birth, and timing of PTB. We also examined the joint associations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and race/ethnicity with PTB using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).ResultsPositive SARS-CoV-2 tests were identified for 2195 pregnant people (3.2%). The prevalence of PTB was 7.2% (3.8% spontaneous, 3.6% provider-initiated). SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of PTB overall (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34, 1.74), and provider-initiated PTB (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.50, 2.12) but not spontaneous PTB (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.89, 1.36). Second trimester infections were associated with an increased risk of provider-initiated PTB, and third trimester infections were associated with an increased risk of both PTB subtypes. A joint inverse association between White non-Hispanic race/ethnicity and SARS-CoV-2 infection and spontaneous PTB (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.34, 0.94; RERI -0.6, 95% CI -1.0, -0.2) was also observed.ConclusionsSARS-CoV-2 infections were primarily associated with an increased risk for provider-initiated PTB in this study. These findings highlight the importance of promoting infection-prevention strategies among pregnant people.

Dataset Information

Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020, in Gabon.

Publications

Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020, in Gabon.

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