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Calcium-induced environmental adaptability of the blood protein vitronectin.

ABSTRACT: The adaptability of proteins to their work environments is fundamental for cellular life. Here, we describe how the hemopexin-like domain of the multifunctional blood glycoprotein vitronectin binds Ca²⁺ to adapt to excursions of temperature and shear stress. Using X-ray crystallography, molecular dynamics simulations, NMR, and differential scanning fluorimetry, we describe how Ca²⁺ and its flexible hydration shell enable the protein to perform conformational changes that relay beyond the calcium-binding site and alter the number of polar contacts to enhance conformational stability. By means of mutagenesis, we identify key residues that cooperate with Ca²⁺ to promote protein stability, and we show that calcium association confers protection against shear stress, a property that is advantageous for proteins that circulate in the vasculature, like vitronectin.

SUBMITTER: Tian Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9674982 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Calcium-induced environmental adaptability of the blood protein vitronectin.

Tian Ye Y Shin Kyungsoo K Aleshin Alexander E AE Im Wonpil W Marassi Francesca M FM

Biophysical journal 20220902 20

The adaptability of proteins to their work environments is fundamental for cellular life. Here, we describe how the hemopexin-like domain of the multifunctional blood glycoprotein vitronectin binds Ca<sup>2+</sup> to adapt to excursions of temperature and shear stress. Using X-ray crystallography, molecular dynamics simulations, NMR, and differential scanning fluorimetry, we describe how Ca<sup>2+</sup> and its flexible hydration shell enable the protein to perform conformational changes that re ...[more]

PMID: 36056555

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Project description:IntroductionThe establishment of intestinal microbiota and the maintenance of its equilibrium structure plays an important role in Tibetan pigs during different growth stages. Understanding the structure and function of the intestinal microbiota at different growth stages of Tibetan pigs can provide a theoretical basis for guiding nutritional regulation and feeding management in different stages.MethodsFecal samples were collected from the Tibetan piglets at different growth stages, and the 16S rRNA was sequenced to analyze the changes of intestinal microbiota.ResultsAlpha and Beta diversity indexes showed that the diversity of the intestinal microbiota did not change during the three growth stages, and the main components of intestinal microbiota were not significantly different. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were dominant and abundant at different growth stages and were not restricted by age. At the genus level, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium were the most dominant in the TP10d and TP40d groups, Streptococcus was the most dominant in the TP100d group, followed by Treponema_2 and Lactobacillus. Fusobacteria, Gluconobacter, and Synergistetes were found to be specific genera of 10-day-old Tibetan piglets by LEfSe combined with LDA score. The change of diet made Tenericutes and Epsilonbacteraeota, which are closely related to digestive fiber, become specific bacteria at the age of 40 days. With the consumption of oxygen in the intestine, obligate anaerobes, such as Verrucomicrobia, Fibrobacter, and Planctomycetes, were the characteristic genera of 100 days. KEGG function prediction analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota function of Tibetan pigs changed dynamically with the growth and development of Tibetan piglets.DiscussionIn conclusion, the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota of Tibetan pigs are significantly different at different growth and development stages, which plays an important role in their immune performance.

Dataset Information

Calcium-induced environmental adaptability of the blood protein vitronectin.

Publications

Calcium-induced environmental adaptability of the blood protein vitronectin.

Similar Datasets

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