T cell microvilli simulations show operation near packing limit and impact on antigen recognition.

ABSTRACT: T cells are immune cells that continuously scan for foreign-derived antigens on the surfaces of nearly all cells, termed antigen-presenting cells (APCs). They do this by dynamically extending numerous protrusions called microvilli (MVs) that contain T cell receptors toward the APC surface in order to scan for antigens. The number, size, and dynamics of these MVs, and the complex multiscale topography that results, play a yet unknown role in antigen recognition. We develop an anatomically informed model that confines antigen recognition to small areas representing MVs that can dynamically form and dissolve and use the model to study how MV dynamics impact antigen sensitivity and discrimination. We find that MV surveillance reduces antigen sensitivity compared with a completely flat interfac

SUBMITTER: Morgan J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9675027 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature